山西太谷杂种榛抽条敏感期的研究

Study on shoot shrivelling sensitive period of Ping’ou hybrid hazelnut in Taigu Shanxi

以平欧杂种榛82-7、达维等6个品种(系)为试验材料,在越冬期对1年生枝进行动态取样,4月田间测定6个平欧杂种榛品种(系)植株的抽条指数,并测定越冬期取得的1年生枝的含水量、水培萌芽率、可溶性糖含量等生理指标,收集试验地气象数据,以水培萌芽率为直接指标,以其他生理指标为间接指标,结合1—3月生态因子的变化特征,确定太谷1年生枝的抽条敏感期。结果表明:6个品种(系)的1年生枝在2021年1月12日至2月2日,含水量和萌芽率都急剧下降,且在2月2日含水量与抽条指数呈显著负相关(r=-0.91685),萌芽率、电导率与抽条指数分别呈极显著负相关和极显著正相关(r=-0.98280、r=0.99419)。据此认为,2021年1月12日至2月2日是山西省晋中市太谷区杂种榛越冬期的抽条敏感期,空气和土壤的持续低湿以及大风天气是导致杂种榛抽条的主要生态因子。

Taking six varieties(lines)of Ping’ou hybrid hazelnut 82-7 and Dawei as experimental materials,the dynamic sampling of 1-year-old branches was carried out during the overwintering period.In April,the shoot shrivelling index of six varieties(lines)of Ping’ou hybrid hazelnut was measured in the field,and the physiological indexes such as water content,hydroponic germination rate and soluble sugar content of 1-year-old branches obtained during the wintering period were measured.The meteorological data of the experimental site were collected.The germination rate of sampling shoots was used as the direct index,and other physiological indexes were used as indirect indexes,combined with the change characteristics of ecological factors from January to March,the sensitive period of 1-year-old branches shrivelling in Taigu was determined.The results showed that the water content and germination rate of 1-year-old branches of six varieties(lines)decreased sharply from January 12 to February 2,2021.There was a significant negative correlation(r=-0.91685)between the water content and the shoot shrivelling index,and the germination rate and electrical conductivity were significantly negatively correlated with the shoot shrivelling index(r=-0.98280,r=0.99419).It is concluded that 12 January to 2February 2021 was the shoot shrivelling sensitive period of hybrid hazelnut during the wintering period in Taigu District,Jinzhong City,Shanxi Province.The continuous low humidity of air and soil along with strong wind weather were the main ecological factors leading to shoot shrivelling of hybrid hazelnut.