《卡拉马佐夫兄弟》中的宗教奇迹问题

On the Religious Miracles in The Brothers Karamazov

《卡拉马佐夫兄弟》中的四段有关奇迹的情节表现了陀思妥耶夫斯基对宗教奇迹的基本观点:东正教信仰主要体现为人的道德与精神力量,而不是对奇迹和彼岸世界的幻想;不是奇迹导致了人对上帝的信仰,而是对上帝的信仰给人带来的内在改变造成了人的精神“奇迹”。这体现了陀思妥耶夫斯基人学与东正教人学在本体论基础和性善论方面的联系,也体现了两种人学在人道性和心理性与超验性和彼岸性、神圣教义与问题探索方面的区别。

The four plots about miracles in The Brothers Karamazov express Dostoevsky's basic view on religious miracles:the Orthodox faith is mainly embodied in the moral and spiritual strength of human beings,rather than the illusion of miracles and the otherworld.It is not miracles that lead to people's belief in God,but the inner changes brought about by belief in God that cause spiritual“miracles”.This reflects the relationship between the Dostoevsky's anthropology and the Orthodox anthropology in terms of ontological basis and the theory of original goodness of human nature,as well as the differences between the two kinds of anthropology in terms of humanity and psychology,transcendence and otherworldliness sacred doctrine and the exploration of problems.