早期PFMT对阴道分娩初产妇产后盆底功能康复的影响

Effect of Early PFMT on Pelvic Floor Function Rehabilitation of Primipara after Vaginal Delivery

【目的】探讨早期盆底功能训练(pelvic floor muscles training,PFMT)对阴道分娩初产妇产后盆底功能康复的影响。【方法】选取2020年1月至10月在贵港市人民医院阴道分娩初产妇223例,按照随机数字表法分为分成观察组和对照组。对照组实施产后盆底自然康复,观察组在对照组的基础上产后第2天开始进行PFMT干预。干预3个月后,比较两组干预前后盆底肌力、盆底功能障碍问卷(The Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-20,PFDI-20)得分、尿失禁和肛门失禁情况。【结果】产后42 d,观察组Ⅱ类肌纤维的肌力较对照组恢复更好,观察组尿失禁的发生率和PFDI-20评分显著低于对照组,其差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);产后3个月,观察组Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类肌纤维肌力恢复效果优于对照组,观察组尿失禁的发生率和PFDI-20评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。【结论】阴道分娩初产妇产后第2天开始进行PFMT干预,干预3个月可提高产后盆底肌肌力,降低产后尿失禁发生率,改善产妇生活质量。

【Objective】To investigate the effect of early pelvic floor muscles training(PFMT)on the rehabilitation of pelvic floor function after vaginal delivery.【Methods】A total of 223 primiparas who delivered vaginally in Guigang People's Hospital from January to October 2020 were randomly divided into observation group and control group.The control group implemented natural rehabilitation of postpartum pelvic floor,and the observation group began PFMT intervention on the second day postpartum on the basis of the control group.Three months after the intervention,the pelvic floor muscle strength,the score of the pelvic floor dysfunction inventory-20(PFDI-20),urinary incontinence and anal incontinence were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention.【Results】42 days after delivery,the muscle strength of ClassⅡmuscle fibers in the observation group recovered better than that in the control group.The incidence of urinary incontinence and PFDI-20 score in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);Three months after delivery,the recovery effect of ClassⅠand classⅡmuscle fibers in the observation group was better than that in the control group.The incidence of urinary incontinence and PFDI-20 score in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).【Conclusion】PFMT intervention can improve the muscle strength of postpartum pelvic floor muscle,reduce the incidence of postpartum urinary incontinence and improve the quality of life of pregnant women.