公路隧道光环境全寿命周期绿色指标应用案例分析

Application Analysis of Life-cycle Green Index of Highway Tunnel Light Environment

为实现隧道建设节能低碳目标,基于隧道全寿命周期理论建立了隧道光环境评价模型。重点考察隧道全寿命周期中的建设期和运营期,用隧道光环境设计参数建立目标函数。目标函数根据不同的偏好权重,综合了碳排放量和造价的计算,是评价模型的核心。依托目标函数并结合安全性的约束条件形成公路隧道全寿命周期多维度的评价模型。基于该模型开发了隧道光环境碳排放计算程序,可根据运营时间形成可视化的图表并输出分析结果,实现了参数化计算流程。最后以某隧道光环境设计方案为例,运用该评价模型对5个光环境方案进行比选,对各方案的全寿命周期碳排放量进行了测算,从造价和碳排放2个维度进行分析。研究结果表明:全天运营模式的成本比半天运营平均多出33%,最高可达半天运营模式成本的1.5倍,运营时长会极大影响光环境全寿命周期成本。根据测算结果,综合建设期及运营期的碳排放量,隧道照明用电贡献了整个生命周期主要碳排放量,是光环境生命周期内碳排放最主要的来源,对照明系统的优化设计具有重要的意义。基于碳中和目标,绿色优势在光环境设计中可起到主导作用,绿色创新和环境导向的工艺优势显著影响方案的全寿命周期评价,是隧道工程中发挥碳中和作用的主导方向之一。

A model for evaluating the light environment based on tunnel life cycle theory was established to achieve energy savings and low carbon emissions in tunnel construction. The construction and operation periods during the entire life cycle of the tunnel were investigated. The objective function was established using the design parameters of the tunnel light environment. The objective function integrates calculations of carbon emissions and costs based on different preference weights, which are critical parts of the evaluation model. A multidimensional evaluation model of the highway tunnel life cycle was developed based on the objective function and safety constraints. The proposed model was used to develop a calculation program for carbon emissions in a tunnel light environment. A visual chart was plotted based on the operation time. The analysis results were output, and the parameterized calculation process was achieved. Finally, considering the light environment design scheme as a case study, an evaluation model was employed to compare and select five schemes. The carbon emissions of each scheme over the entire life cycle were computed and analyzed based on the cost and carbon emissions. The results show that the cost of the all-day operation mode is 33% higher than that of the half-day operation mode on average and up to 1.5 times that of the half-day operation mode. The operating time significantly influences the life-cycle cost of the optical environment. The calculation results indicate that the total carbon emissions during the construction and operation periods and lighting power consumption contribute to the significant carbon emissions throughout the life cycle of the tunnel, and therefore, become the major carbon emission source during the life cycle of the light environment. This study is valuable for optimizing the design of lighting systems. The green advantage can play a leading role in a light environment design to achieve carbon neutrality. Green innovation and environment-oriented process advantages can significantly influence the entire life cycle evaluation of the scheme, which is one of the leading directions in achieving carbon neutrality in tunnel engineering.