疏勒河流域治理规划实施水资源恢复效果评价

Evaluation of water resources restoration effect in implementation of Shule River basin governance plan

为了对流域治理规划的实施效果进行评估,以疏勒河流域为例,根据科学性、典型性、综合性和易获性等原则分别建立一致性评价和实质性评价2个维度的综合评价体系,对流域治理规划实施的水资源恢复效果开展评价。一致性评价结果表明,疏勒河流域治理规划的实施较为顺利,规划指标的完成率几乎为100%,但水土保持生态建设工程实施进度滞后;实质性评价结果表明,节水量、水库入库水量、水库下泄河道生态水量均有增加,平原区、敦煌盆地地下水位呈现曲折上升趋势,达到了改善西湖湿地生态现状、恢复提升月牙泉水位等水资源恢复的实际效果。研究结果表明,基于一致性评价和实质性评价2个维度评价流域综合治理规划后的水资源恢复效果更符合实际。

With the continuous development of China′s economy,society,and utilization of water resources,the contradiction between water supply and demand has become increasingly prominent,especially in arid areas.Many river basins are facing ecological and environmental problems such as over-exploitation,ecological degradation,and wetland shrinking.To realize the sustainable development of water resources and the ecological protection of river basins,over-exploitation of water resources have formulated and implemented river basin rehabilitation and water resources restoration planning.To solves the ecological and environmental problems in the Shule River basin,the′Dunhuang Comprehensive Plan for Rational Utilization of Water Resources and Ecological Protection(2011-2020)′was approved in 2011 by the State Council.The effect of the implementation of the planning became an issue of concern to all walks of life.Therefore,how to evaluate the implementation effects of river basin rehabilitation planning has become a brand-new subject to be studied and resolved.Focusing on the assessment of the effect of water resources restoration of basin rehabilitation planning on the Shule River basin and based on the principles of scientificity,typicality,comprehensiveness,and accessibility,the evaluation index system of water resources restoration effect was constructed through two dimensions of consistency evaluation and substantive evaluation.The in-position rate,investment completion rate,project completion rate,and evaluation index completion rate were selected to evaluate the consistency of the planned indicators.Furtheromre,the amount of water saving in the basin,the amount of river runoff restoration,and the extent of groundwater level recovery were considered to assess the substantial effect of water resources restoration.In the consistency evaluation,the project fund in-position rate and completion rate are between 79.97%and 100%.The completion rate of all projects is almost 100%.As of 2018,the proportion of agricultural water used in Dunhuang City has not reached the short-term target,the water consumption per ten thousand yuan of industrial added value did not reach the recent target except for Subei County,and the remaining targets were all completed at 100%.In the substantive evaluation,the amount of water saved in the irrigation area increased and the total annual water consumption decreased.The amount of water in the reservoir increased,and the ecological discharge of the reservoir and the river channel showed an inter-annual tortuous upward trend.Through water saving,the project has improved the efficiency of water use.The groundwater level in the plain area and the Dunhuang basin showed an inter-annual upward trend,mainly due to the increase in the ecological discharge of the Danghe reservoir and the Shuangta reservoir.With the increase of water inflow,the ecology of the West Lake Nature Reserve was improved.The implementation of the Shule River basin rehabilitation planning was relatively smooth,the completion rate of the planning evaluation index is close to 100%.The effect of water resources restoration such as water saving,water use reduction,restoration of river ecological flow,restoration and raising of the water level of crescent spring is remarkable.However,the lag in the implementation of the water and soil conservation and ecological construction project has a certain impact on the deployment and implementation of the next phase of the project.The results show that it is more realistic to evaluate the effect of water resources restoration based on consistency evaluation and substantive evaluation.