退役动力电池梯次利用项目环评类别简析

Analysis on EIA Category of Decommissioned Power Battery Echelon Utilization Projects

新能源汽车产业高速发展过程中产生了日益增多的退役动力电池,除传统的材料回收利用途径之外,退役动力电池回收利用领域内的梯次利用逐渐引起多方关注。动力电池回收利用项目已不仅仅是"资源再生利用项目"。对于动力电池梯次利用项目的环评,惯例做法仍是依循资源再生利用项目的经验编制环境影响报告书。这在本质上是混淆了电池梯次利用与材料再生利用之间的区别,给这类项目的环评及管理带来了一些不利影响,包括模糊了环评文件的主要内容;把项目复杂化处理,增加了项目的建设投资和时间成本;在一定程度上导致管理过度,浪费了环境管理的社会资源。分析结果表明,退役动力电池梯次利用项目的环评类别大多应为报告表。为此,建议省级生态环境部门根据《建设项目环境影响评价分类管理名录(2021年版)》调整各自的"细化规定",以明确旧电池梯次利用与废电池材料再生利用的区别。同时,新能源汽车产业内各方也要履行责任,助力厘清项目环评类别。

An increasing number of decommissioned power batteries are generated during the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry.In addition to the traditional way of material recycling and utiliza-tion,the echelon utilization of decommissioned power batteries for recycling and utilization has gradually at-tracted much attention.The power battery recycling project is not just a resource recycling project.For the EIA of power battery echelon utilization projects,the usual practice is still to prepare the environmental impact statement based on the experience in resource recycling projects.This essentially confuses the difference be-tween battery echelon utilization and material recycling,adversely affecting the EIA and management of such projects,including blurring the main contents of EIA documents,making the project complicated and increasing the construction investment and time cost of project,and leading to excessive management to some extent and wasting social resources of environmental management.The results show that the EIA category of most of the decommissioned power battery echelon utilization projects should be report form.Therefore,it is suggested that provincial ecological environment departments adjust their detailed regulations according to the Classification and Management Directory of Environmental Impact Assessment of Construction Projects(2021 Edition) to clarify the difference between the echelon utilization of used batteries and the recycling of waste battery materials.At the same time,all parties in the new energy vehicle industry should fulfill their responsibilities and help clarify the EIA categories of projects.