GC-MS法分析米泔水制苍术前后挥发性成分的差异

Analysis of volatile components in Atractylodis Rhizoma before and after processing by GC-MS

目的比较米泔水炮制北苍术、茅苍术前后挥发性成分的变化。方法取北苍术、茅苍术生品饮片用米泔水进行漂制,得其苍术炮制品饮片,采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油,利用气质联用技术(GC-MS)分析其化学成分,与标准谱图数据库对比、匹配,并用峰面积归一化法测定各成分的相对百分含量。结果两种苍术炮制后挥发油总量均降低。北苍术饮片炮制前后挥发油中含有13种主要共有成分,其中6种成分含量升高,6种成分含量基本不变,1种成分含量降低;炮制后新增7种成分,同时有9种成分消失。茅苍术饮片炮制前后挥发油中含有10种主要共有成分,其中6种含量升高,3种成分含量降低,1种成分含量基本不变;炮制后新增5种成分,1种成分消失。结论苍术经米泔水漂制后所含挥发油总量降低,同时挥发油中主要成分所占百分比大多升高或者稳定不变,少部分降低,为苍术炮制后可降燥增效的炮制机制提供了科学内涵。

Objective To compare the changes of volatile components of Atractylodes chinensis(DC.)Koidz.and Atractylodes lancea(Thunb.)DC.before and after processing with rice-washed water.Methods Take Atractylodes chinensis(DC.)Koidz.and Atractylodes lancea(Thunb.)DC.raw decoction pieces and bleach them with rice-washed water to obtain the decoction pieces of Atractylodis Rhizoma.The volatile oil was extracted by steam distillation,and its chemical composition were analyzed by gas-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).NIST.17 L mass spectrometry database was used to compare and match the components.The peak area normalization method was used to determine the relativepercentage content of each component.Results The total amount of volatile oil decreased after processing of both types of Atractylodis Rhizoma.The volatile oil of Atractylodes chinensis(DC.)Koidz.before and after processing contained 13 main common components,of which 6 components were increased,6 components were basically unchanged and 1 component was decreased;7 new components were added after processing,while 9 components disappeared.The volatile oil of Atractylodes lancea(Thunb.)DC.before and after processing contained 10 main common components,of which 6 were increased,3 were decreased and 1 was basically unchanged;after processing,5 new components were added and 1 component disappeared.Conclusion The total amount of volatile oil in Atractylodis Rhizoma was reduced after processing with rice-washed water,while the percentage of the main components in the volatile oil mostly increased or remained stable,and a few decreased,which provided a scientific connotation for the mechanism of processing of Atractylodis Rhizoma that could reduce dryness and increase effectiveness.