青少年自我意识与校园欺凌角色的关联性

Relationship between different roles of school bullying and self-consciousness among adolescents

目的探究青少年自我意识与校园欺凌中不同角色的关系,为青少年校园欺凌的防治提供依据。方法于2017年3—10月,在湖北省鄂州市和孝感市采用分层整群抽样方法选取4336名中学生进行匿名问卷调查,采用青少年校园暴力问卷调查校园欺凌角色,自我意识评价量表(SCS)评估自我意识水平。结果青少年卷入校园欺凌检出率为18.9%(819名),其中单纯欺凌者86名(2.0%),单纯被欺凌者369名(8.5%),欺凌-被欺凌者364人(8.4%)。校园欺凌不同角色青少年的公我意识和私我意识得分差异有统计学意义(F值分别为4.05,2.90,P值均<0.05)。两两比较结果显示,欺凌-被欺凌者的公我意识得分高于未卷入者,私我意识得分低于未卷入者(P值均<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归结果显示,私我意识与欺凌-被欺凌角色呈负相关(OR=0.93,95%CI=0.91~0.96),公我意识与欺凌-被欺凌角色呈正相关(OR=1.08,95%CI=1.06~1.11)。结论自我意识与青少年校园欺凌不同角色有关,较高的公我意识和较低的私我意识是青少年成为欺凌-被欺凌角色的重要预测因素。

Objective To explore the relationship between different roles of school bullying and self-consciousness among adolescents,and to provide a reference for school bullying prevention and control.Methods In Ezhou and Xiaogan,two cities selected randomly from Hubei Province,4336 middle school students randomly selected from Ezhou and Xiaogan City in Hubei Province by stratified cluster sampling method during March to October in 2017,were investigated for an anonymous questionnaire survey.The Chinese version of adolescent school violence questionnaire was used to evaluate the different roles in school bullying,and the Self Consciousness Scale(SCS)was used to assess the level of self-awareness.Results About 18.9%of the respondents(819)were involved in bullying,among 86(2.0%)were pure perpetrators,369(8.5%)were pure victims,364(8.4%)were perpetrator-victims.There were significant differences in public and private self-awareness among different roles of campus bullying(F=4.05,2.90,P<0.05).The public self-awareness score of perpetrator-victims was higher than that of the uninvolved.The private self-consciousness score of perpetrator-victims was lower than that of the uninvolved(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression showed a negative correlation between private self-awareness and perpetrator-victims.Private self-awareness might reduce the risk of teenagers becoming perpetrator-victims(OR=0.93,95%CI=0.91-0.96).A positive correlation between public self-awareness and perpetrator-victims and public self-awareness might increase the risk of adolescents becoming perpetrator-victims(OR=1.08,95%CI=1.06-1.11).Conclusion Self-awareness is related to different roles of school bullying,and higher public self-awareness and lower private self-awareness are important predictors of perpetrator-victims of school bullying.