切削法制备超细晶材料研究进展与展望

Research Progress and Prospect of Ultrafine Grained Material Prepared by Cutting Method

综述了切削法制备超细晶材料时加工参数和工艺条件对晶粒细化的影响,分析了切削法制备超细晶材料的力学性能、耐腐蚀性能和热稳定性等,探讨了超声振动复合切削法制备超细晶材料的可能性。在超声振动加工中,材料受低应力高速、高频撞击的影响,会发生严重的塑性变形,表面大尺寸的晶粒得到细化,同时超声振动还可以在材料表面形成表面微结构,进一步改善材料性能。因而提出将切削法和超声振动相复合,高效制备具有功能微结构的超细晶材料,为微型零件超细晶材料制备提供新的工艺选择以及理论和技术支撑。

In this paper,the effects of machining parameters and processing conditions on grain refinement in the preparation of ultrafine grained material by cutting method were reviewed,the mechanical properties,corrosion resistance and thermal stability of ultrafine grained material prepared by cutting method were analyzed,and the possibility of preparing ultrafine grained material by ultrasonic vibration combined cutting method was discussed.The literatures show that in the ultrasonic vibration machining,the material is affected by low stress,high speed and high frequency impact,which will cause serious plastic deformation,and the large size grains on the surface will be refined.At the same time,ultrasonic vibration can also form surface microstructure on the material surface,which can further improve the material properties.Therefore,the combination of large strain extrusion machining and ultrasonic vibration is proposed to efficiently prepare ultrafine grain material with functional microstructure,which provides a new process selection and theoretical and technical support for the preparation of ultrafine grain material for micro parts.