厦门湾13种水产动物中有机氯及多氯联苯的污染特征及风险评价

Pollution characteristics and risk assessment of organochlorine and polychlorinated biphenyls in 13 aquatic animals in Xiamen Bay

本文以气相色谱-三重四级杆质谱联用仪(GC-MS/MS)为检测手段,对不同季节厦门湾海域捕获的13种水产动物肌肉组织中有机氯及多氯联苯的污染特征进行分析,同时采用不同评价模型对人类及中华白海豚的健康风险进行评价。结果显示:1)厦门湾海域13种水产动物肌肉组织中ΣHCH、ΣDDT和ΣPCB的含量范围分别为ND~1.12μg·kg^(-1)、0.10~74.94μg·kg^(-1)、ND~0.72μg·kg^(-1),DDTs为主要污染物。2)按种类比较,中华海鲶和斑鱼祭受到的污染较严重;按捕获区域比较,九龙江口及厦门西港海域捕获的样品受污染较严重,且存在一定的季节性变化。3)来源分析结果表明,水产动物体内DDTs来源主要为历史残留,PCBs主要来源于水泥煅烧、废弃物燃烧等与热相关的过程。4)风险评价结果表明,厦门湾水产动物体内DDTs的残留可能会对人类健康造成潜在致癌风险,因此建议相关部门应进一步加强对厦门湾海域水产品食用安全的监管,降低DDTs污染造成的风险;由于中华白海豚的进食方式与人类不同,导致中华白海豚的风险评价结果可能偏低,相关评价数据供参考。

Organochlorine and polychlorinated biphenyl were analyzed in the muscle tissue of 13 aquatic animals captured in different seasons by gas chromatograph/triple quaternary pole mass spectrometry(GC-MS/MS),and different evaluation models were used to evaluate the health risk of human and Sousa chinensis.The results showed that:1)the content range ofΣHCH,ΣDDT andΣPCB was ND~1.12μg·kg^(-1),0.10~74.94μg·kg^(-1),and ND~0.72μg·kg^(-1),respectively,and the DDTs were the major contaminants.2)The pollution which Arius sinensis and Konosirus punctatus suffered was more serious than others aquatic animals,and the pollution of samples which captured in the estuary of Jiulong River and Xiamen West Port were more serious than Tong'an Bay and Xiamen-Jinmen Sea.The values of DDT/(DDD+DDE)were less than 1,indicating no DDTs input in Xiamen Bay.3)Risk assessment results indicated that the residues of DDTs might have potential carcinogenic risk to human health,so local residents should minimize the intake of aquatic animals in the surrounding areas of Xiamen.Due to the different feeding methods with humans,the risk assessment results of Sousa chinensis might be low,and the relevant data were for reference.