人民民主专政理论的哲学基础、历史演进和现实意义

The Philosophical Foundation and Historical Evolution Logic of the Theory of People’s Democratic Dictatorship

人民民主专政理论的哲学基础是唯物史观。它根据阶级斗争规律确定人民民主专政的生成、使命和归宿;根据人民群众是历史创造者原理确立人民民主专政的主体构成;根据国家回归社会的历史发展规律确立人民民主专政作为社会公仆的角色定位;根据国家权力对生产力发展反作用原理确立人民民主专政发展经济的历史任务。人民民主专政经历了三次历史性演进:在社会主义革命和建设时期,从新民主主义政权理论转变为无产阶级专政理论,国家政治生活主题从处理阶级矛盾转变为正确处理人民内部矛盾;在改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期,治国理政方式从发动政治运动转变为推进依法治国;在中国特色社会主义新时代,在全面依法治国基础上进一步推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化。人民民主专政理论在新时代面临诸多新课题,不断在实践中丰富和发展,跃上新高度。

The philosophical foundation of the theory of people’s democratic dictatorship is historical materialism.It determines the generation,mission,and destination of the people’s democratic dictatorship according to the law of class struggle.According to the principle that the people are the creators of history,the main body of the people’s democratic dictatorship is established.According to the historical development law of the country’s return to society,the role of the people’s democratic dictatorship as public servants of the society is established.According to the principle of reaction of state power to the development of productive forces the historical task of the people’s democratic dictatorship to develop the economy is established.The theory and practice of the people’s democratic dictatorship have experienced three historical evolutions in the course of development:during the period of socialist revolution and construction,it changed from the theory of new democratic regime to the theory of the dictatorship of the proletariat,and the theme of national political life changed from dealing with class conflicts to correctly dealing with internal conflicts among the people;during the new period of reform and opening up and socialist modernization,the way of governing the country changed from launching political movements to promoting the rule of law;in the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics,the modernization of China’s system and capacity for governance is further promoted on the basis of the law-based governance of China.The theory of the people’s democratic dictatorship is faced with many new problems in the new era,but it has been enriched and developed in practice,thus leaping to a new height.