槟榔间作香露兜对香露兜光合特性和香气成分的影响

Effects of Arecanut and Pandan Intercropping on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Aroma Components of Pandan Plants

为了研究槟榔与香露兜间作后香露兜叶片光合特性及香气成分变化,通过田间试验,比较槟榔间作香露兜处理和香露兜单作对照在叶片的光合特性和香气成分等差异。结果表明,处理叶片的净光合速率显著增加,叶片温度显著降低,叶片净光合速率和叶温间负相关关系达到显著水平;处理和对照叶片中共鉴定出9类31种香气成分,其中处理叶片的大量香气成分如角鲨烯、叶绿醇、新植二烯、2,3-二氢苯并呋喃、3-甲基-2-(5H)-呋喃酮、丙酮醇以及特征香气成分2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉等17种共有香气成分含量显著高于对照,丙酮酸甲酯和呋喃酮含量显著低于对照;叶片香气成分中角鲨烯和3-甲基-2-(5H)-呋喃酮含量与净光合速率呈显著正相关关系,2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉、角鲨烯、叶绿醇、新植二烯、2,3-二氢苯并呋喃、3-甲基-2-(5H)-呋喃酮以及丙酮醇等挥发性香气成分含量均与叶片温度呈极显著负相关关系。由此可见,槟榔间作香露兜能提高香露兜叶片的净光合速率并降低叶片温度,进而提高主要香气成分含量和提升香露兜叶片品质,可为槟榔林下间作香露兜高效栽培模式的推广应用提供理论支撑。

The paper was aimed to study the effects of arecanut and pandan intercropping on photosynthetic characteristics and aroma components of pandan leaves. In this study, a arecanut orchard in Xinglong area, Wanning City, Hainan Province was selected as the test plot. Field experiments were used to determine the photosynthetic characteristics and aroma components of pandan leaves under the pandan monoculture and arecanut and pandan intercropping planting patterns.The net photosynthetic rate of the leaves of pandan after intercropped with arecanut significantly increased, the temperature of the leaves significantly decreased, and the net photosynthetic rate significantly negatively correlated with leaf temperature.In the two planting patterns, it was identified that pandan leaves contained 31 aroma components of 9 types, including pyrroles, alcohols, phenols, furans, furanones, hydrocarbons, acids, ketones and esters. The contents of 17 common aroma components including squalene, phytol, neophytadiene, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran, 3-methyl-2-(5H)-furanone, acetol,2-acetyl-1-pyrroline and so on of intercropping pattern were significantly higher than that of pandan monoculture. The contents of methyl pyruvate and furanone were significantly lower than that of monoculture. The contents of squalene and 3-methyl-2-(5H)-furanone of pandan leaves were significantly positively correlated with the net photosynthetic rate.2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, squalene, and chlorophyll. The contents of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, squalene, phytol, neophytadiene,2,3-dihydrobenzofuran, 3-methyl-2-(5H)-furanone, and acetol were all negatively correlated with leaf temperature. It can be seen that the arecanut and pandan intercropping can increase the net photosynthetic rate of pandan leaves and reduce the temperature of the leaves, thereby increase the contents of main aroma components and improve the quality of pandan leaves. This would provide theoretical support for arecanut and pandan intercropping efficient cultivation pattern.