柔性超长冲程抽油机运动特性及悬点载荷分析计算

Analysis and Calculation of Kinematic Characteristics and Suspension Load of Flexi⁃ble Ultra-long Stroke Pumping Unit

大多数油田已经进入开采中后期,渗透率低,单井产液低,但多数地区仍采用常规型抽油机,其结构复杂、冲程短、冲次高、载荷冲击大。为此,研究了具有“长冲程、低冲次”特点的柔性超长冲程抽油机,简述了其工作原理并对整机进行受力分析,建立了动态下悬点载荷方程。以14型柔性超长冲程抽油机为例,基于MATLAB软件对其进行运动学仿真,绘制出了抽油机悬点运动规律图,为长冲程智能抽油机的设计与改进提供理论基础。并基于实际工作井况,分析和确定了该类型长冲程抽油机悬点载荷的计算方法,计算出了该抽油机的最大悬点动载荷为19.0782 kN,最大静载荷为120.9218 kN,与实际工控下测出的数值较为接近,说明该计算方法较为有效,仿真、计算结果表明柔性超长冲程抽油机可实现长冲程、低冲次,对低渗透油田、深油井的开发以及抽油机机型的改进和优化等具有一定参考价值。

Based on the fact that most oilfields have entered the middle and late stages of exploitation,with low permeability,low single-well fluid production,conventional pumping units with complex structure,short stroke,high stroke,and large load impact.The working principle of"long stroke,low stroke"characteristic flexible ultra-long stroke pumping unit was briefly described,the force of the whole unit was analyzed,and the dynamic downward suspension point load equation was established.Taking the 14-type flexible ultra-long-stroke pumping unit as an example,based on MATLAB software for kinematics simulation,the pumping unit suspension point movement law diagram was drawn,which provided a theoretical basis for the design and improvement of the long-stroke intelligent pumping unit.Based on actual working well conditions,the calculation method of the suspended point load of this type of long-stroke pumping unit was analyzed and determined,and the maximum suspended point dynamic load of the pumping unit was calculated to be 19.0782 kN,and the maximum static load was 120.9218 kN.It is close to the value measured under actual industrial control,which shows that the calculation method is more effective.The simulation and calculation results show that the flexible ultra-long stroke pumping unit can achieve long stroke and low stroke.It is suitable for the development and pumping of low permeability oil fields and deep oil wells.The improvement and optimization of oil machine models have certain guiding significance and main reference value.