某乘用车换挡器球头拔脱力模型及优化研究

Research on the Model and Optimization of the Pull-out Force of the Shifter Ball Head of a Passenger Car

针对某乘用车对中控换挡器球头拔脱力要求,设计出一种可以满足要求的拔脱力模型结构,并进行了最佳参数优化研究及受力模型分析。通过在换挡杆角度35°时对不同卡簧材料进行研究,发现65 Mn卡簧的初次拔脱力最大,为133 N;通过在65 Mn卡簧时对不同换挡杆角度进行研究,结果表明角度25°时初始拔脱力最大,为785 N,第二次衰减至230 N;通过在球核处增加限位挡边对不同卡簧材料进行研究,发现65 Mn卡簧拔脱力初始拔脱力最大,为381 N,增加润滑条件后,初始拔脱力减少,拔脱力稳定性提高;通过对拔脱力结构建立受力模型,发现实际实验结果与理论分析相符,并确定换挡杆角度30°、65 Mn卡簧、增加限位挡边及润滑条件情况下为满足要求的最优模型机构。

Aiming at the requirements of a passenger car for the pull-out force of the ball head of the central control shifter,a pull-out force model structure that can meet the requirements was designed,and the optimal parameter optimization research and force model analysis were carried out.By studying different circlip materials when the shift lever angle is 35°,it was found that the initial pull out force of the 65Mn circlip was the largest,which was 133 N,by studying the different shift lever angles when the 65Mn circlip,the result shows that the angle is 25°the initial pull-out force was the largest at 785 N,and it was attenuated to 230 N for the second time.By adding limit ribs at the core of the ball,different circlip materials were studied,and it was found that the initial pull-out force of 65Mn circlip was the largest,which was 381 N,after the conditions of increasing lubrication,the initial pull-out force was reduced and the pull-out force stability was improved.Through the establishment of the force model of the pull-out force structure,it was found that the actual experimental results were consistent with the theoretical analysis,and it was determined that the shift lever angle of 30°,65Mn circlips,increased limit ribs and lubrication conditions were the optimal model mechanism to meet the requirements.