一种基于边界感知的遥感影像建筑物提取方法

Boundary-aware network for building extraction from remote sensing images

遥感影像的复杂性给建筑物提取研究带来了极大的挑战。深度学习的引入提高了遥感影像建筑物提取的准确率,但仍存在边界模糊、目标漏检和提取区域不完整等问题。针对这些问题,提出了一种基于边界感知的遥感影像建筑物提取网络,该网络包括特征融合网络、特征增强网络和特征细化网络三部分。首先,特征融合网络采用编码-解码结构提取不同尺度特征,并设计了交互聚合模块融合不同尺度的特征;然后,特征增强网络采用减法和级联操作对漏检目标进行学习增强,得到更加全面的特征;最后,特征细化网络使用编码-解码结构对特征增强网络的输出进一步细化,得到丰富的建筑物边界特征。此外,为使网络更加稳定有效,将二值交叉熵损失和结构相似性损失相结合,从像素和图像结构两个层次监督模型的训练学习。通过在数据集WHU上的测试,可知本网络较其他经典算法的客观指标交并比和准确率均有提升,分别达到了96.0%和97.9%;同时主观视觉上提取的建筑物边界更加清晰,区域更加完整分明。

The complexity of remote sensing images brings a great challenge for building extraction research.The introduction of deep learning improves the accuracy of building extraction from remote sensing images,but there are still some problems such as blurred boundaries,missing targets and incomplete extraction areas.To address these issues,this paper proposes a boundary-aware network for building extraction from remote sensing images,including the feature fusion network,feature enhancement network and feature refinement network.First,the feature fusion network uses the encoding-decoding structure to extract different scale features,and designs the interactive aggregation module to fuse different scale features.Then,the feature enhancement network enhances the learning of missed targets through subtraction and cascade operation to obtain more comprehensive features.Finally,the feature refinement network further refines the output of the feature enhancement network by using the encoding-decoding structure to obtain rich building boundary features.In addition,in order to make the network more stable and effective,this paper combines the binary cross-entropy loss and the structure similarity loss,and supervises the training and learning of the model on both pixel and image structure levels.Through the test on the dataset WHU,in terms of objective metrics,the IoU and Precision of this network are improved compared with other classical algorithms,reaching 96.0%and 97.9%respectively.At the same time,in terms of subjective vision,the extracted building boundary is clearer and the region is more complete.