长江经济带土地纠纷的演变特征及影响因素研究

Study on the Evolution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Land Disputes in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

研究目的:探究长江经济带土地纠纷演变特征及影响因素,为制定多元防范化解土地纠纷政策提供参考;研究方法:基于中国裁判文书网公开审判文书构建长江经济带11省市2011—2020年土地纠纷审判案件数据集,利用经典数理统计方法和固定效应模型进行研究。研究结果:(1)2011—2020年,长江经济带土地纠纷呈现出纠纷数量先增后减、纠纷时间相对集中、纠纷分布西多东少、纠纷时段缩短明显、小额案件比例缩小、协调结案比例大增的演变特征。(2)城市化进程中土地增值带来的巨大收益争夺是土地纠纷案件增多的重要驱动因素;农村集体产权制度改革会触及利益纠纷,对土地纠纷案件数量增加具有显著正向影响;解纷投入力度对土地纠纷案件数量控制效应显著;经济增长对土地纠纷案件数量的增加影响显著,随着经济增长土地纠纷案件数量会出现先增加后减少的倒U型变化规律;二三产业增加、当年征收集体土地面积、政府法制宣传投入力度均对土地纠纷案件增加具有正向影响。研究结论:长江经济带土地纠纷正朝好的方向发展,但纠纷数量和标的依旧较大,其背后原因十分复杂,经济利益的驱动是土地纠纷的根本原因。应持续推动经济发展方式转变、农村集体产权制度改革,加大土地法制建设和解纷投入力度,建立土地纠纷多元预防调处综合机制。

The purposes of this paper are to explore the evolution characteristics and its influencing factors of land disputes in the Yangtze River Economic Belt,and to provide a reference for formulating multiple policies to prevent and resolve land disputes.The research method is to apply classical mathematical statistics and fixed-effects models based on the Python technology that obtains land disputes court cases in 11 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2011 to 2020.The results indicate that:1)from 2011 to 2020,the characteristics of the evolution of land disputes in the Yangtze River Economic Belt are as follows.The number first increases and then decreases;the distribution of disputes is more in the west and less in the east;the dispute time is relatively concentrated;the period of disputes is significantly shortened;the proportion of small lawsuit amount cases decreased;the proportion of cases ended through coordination increased.2)The huge interest competition brought about by the increasing land value in the process of urbanization is an important driving factor for the increase of land disputes.The reform of the rural collective property rights system will trigger interest disputes,which has a significant positive impact on the number of land disputes,and the investment in dispute resolution has a significant effect on controlling the number of land disputes.With the economic growth,the number of land dispute cases will show an inverted U-shaped changing pattern that first increases and then decreases.The increase in non-agricultural industries,the area of land expropriated in the current year,and the government’s investment in legal system publicity all have a positive impact on the increase in land dispute cases.It is concluded that land disputes in the Yangtze River Economic Belt are developing in a good direction,but the number and amount are still relatively large.The reasons behind land disputes are very complicated,and the driving force of economic interests is the fundamental.We should continue to promote the transformation of economic development mode and the reform of rural collective property rights system,increase investment in dispute resolution and legalization,and establish a comprehensive mechanism for the prevention and mediation of land disputes.