山东省精神障碍患者生命质量及其相关因素

Quality of life and related factors in patients with mental disorder in Shandong Province

目的:了解山东省精神障碍患者的生命质量状况,分析其相关因素。方法:2015年,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样在山东省开展第四次精神障碍流行病学调查。筛选符合精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版诊断标准的精神障碍患者作为研究对象。采用一般情况调查表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表、简易应对方式问卷、功能大体评定量表、生命质量量表进行调查。结果:农村居民(β=-0.96,P<0.01)、女性(β=-1.92,P<0.001)、未婚(β=-2.72,P<0.01)、农民/渔民(β=-0.94,P<0.05)、无业或失业(β=-1.93,P<0.01)患者生命质量得分更低,躯体健康状况(β=-5.59,P<0.001)和心理健康状况(β=-4.19,P<0.001)越差、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(β=-0.49,P<0.001)越高,患者生命质量得分越低;积极应对(β=1.65,P<0.001)和功能大体评定量表(β=0.12,P<0.001)得分越高,患者生命质量得分越高。结论:精神障碍患者生命质量较差,应重点关注农村居民、女性、未婚、农民或渔民、无业或失业、躯体或心理健康状况差、睡眠质量差、功能受损重,较少采取积极应对方式的患者,提高其生命质量。

Objective:To investigate the quality of life and related factors in patients with mental disorders in Shandong Province.Methods:In 2015,the fourth epidemiological survey of mental disorders was implemented in Shandong Province using multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling.Patients with mental disorders diagnosed with the Diagnostic and Statistical manual of Mental disorders,4 th edition(DSM-Ⅳ)were selected The general situation questionnaire,Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory(PSQI),Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ),Global Assessment of Functioning(GAF),and Quality of Life Questionnaire(QLQ)were used for survey.Results:The average QLQ score of patients with mental disorders was(63±13).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that rural residents(β=-0.96,P<0.01),females(β=-1.92,P<0.001),unmarried patients(β=-2.72,P<0.01),farmer/fishermen(β=-0.94,P<0.05),and unemployed patients(β=-1.93,P<0.01)had lower QLQ scores.The worse the physical health(β=-5.59,P<0.001)and mental health(β=-4.19,P<0.001),and the higher the PSQI scores(β=-0.49,P<0.001),the lower the QLQ scores.The higher the scores of positive coping style(β=1.65,P<0.001)and GAF(β=0.12,P<0.001),the higher the QLQ scores.Conclusion:The quality of life in patients with mental disorders is poor.Patients who are rural residents,females,unmarried,farmers or fishermen,unemployed,with poor physical or mental health status,poor sleep quality,severe functional impairment,or less use of positive coping style should be paid special attention.