港口管理“放管服”改革与出口结构升级

Port Management System Reform and Export Structural Upgrading

港口作为资源配置的空间载体,对出口转型升级具有重要意义。本文利用双重差分方法考察了港口管理“放管服”改革对城市出口结构升级的影响。研究结果表明:港口管理制度改革显著促进了城市出口结构升级,采用港口平均水深工具变量或改变对照组等稳健性检验均表明这一结论非常可靠。进一步分析表明,港口管理制度改革对内河港口城市、外资企业、东部地区的出口结构升级影响更大,但该影响随企业到港口距离增大而减弱。影响机制检验结果表明,港口管理制度改革通过“港口效率提高效应”和“中间品进口效应”促进城市出口结构升级。

As spatial carriers of resource allocation,ports are of paramount importance in transforming and upgrading exports.This paper uses the difference-in-differences(DID)technique to investigate the impact of port management system reform on urban export structural upgrading.The basic regression results show that the port management system reform has significantly promoted urban export structural upgrading.Robustness tests,such as the use of the average port water depth instrumental variable and the control group change,indicate that this conclusion is sound.Further analysis reveals that port management system reform has a greater impact on the export structural upgrading from inland port cities,foreign-funded enterprises and eastern regions,and that it is weakened by an increase in port distance.The impact mechanism test suggests that the port management system reform promotes the upgrading of the urban export structure through the effects of“improving port operational efficiency”and“importing intermediate goods”.