数字普惠金融对农业机械化的影响——来自中国1869个县域的证据

The Impact of Digital Finance on Agricultural Mechanization: Evidence from 1869 Counties in China

中国农业机械化水平总体较低,如何依靠内生动力补齐农业机械化短板尤为重要,数字普惠金融的发展正好为破解农业机械化难题开辟了新路径。本文基于1869个县域数据,运用SARAR模型分析了数字普惠金融对农业机械化影响的均衡效应和非均衡效应,同时分析了数字普惠金融的作用机制。研究发现,数字普惠金融与农业机械化均存在空间溢出效应;数字普惠金融发展是促进农业机械化的重要路径;数字普惠金融对农业机械化的影响会受到农业经济发展水平的影响;与其他县域相比,农业落后县、平原县和农业县更容易在数字普惠金融发展过程中受益;数字普惠金融还会以农民收入和固定资产投资为中介变量提升农业机械化水平。为此,农业机械化过程中应抓住数字普惠金融发展所带来的红利,不同区域应依据自身条件因地制宜推动数字普惠金融发展。

The overall level of China’s agricultural mechanization is generally low. How to rely on endogenous power to make up for the shortcomings of agricultural mechanization is particularly important. The development of digital finance opens up a new path to solve the problems of agricultural mechanization. Based on the data collected from 1869 counties, this article analyzes the equilibrium effect and non-equilibrium effect of digital finance on agricultural mechanization and examines the function mechanism of digital finance. It finds that digital finance and agricultural mechanization have spatial spillover effect. Digital finance is an important way to promote agricultural mechanization. The impact of digital finance on agricultural mechanization will be affected by the development level of agricultural economy. Compared with other counties, poor counties, plain counties and agricultural counties are more likely to benefit from the development of digital financial. Digital finance will also take farmers’ income and fixed asset investment as intermediary variables to improve the level of agricultural mechanization. Therefore, in the process of agricultural mechanization, we should seize the dividends brought by the development of digital finance. At the same time, the agricultural sector in different regions should treat the development of digital finance differently according to their own conditions.