爱伦堡写作中的犹太线索及其世界观转变

The Jewish Clues in Ehrenburg's Writing and his Evolution of Weltanschaung

犹太主题贯穿了爱伦堡的整个创作生涯,同时作家对犹太问题的思考也与自身世界观与创作观的转变密切相关。在20世纪20年代的小说创作中,爱伦堡认为犹太人只有在永恒的漂泊中才能获得真正的自由,他的文学风格极具现代主义色彩。30年代经历了卫国战争和犹太大屠杀后,爱伦堡更倾向于“苏联犹太人”的同化立场,文学创作回归传统的现实主义和人道主义。爱伦堡写作中的犹太线索,不仅能够解释其世界观转变的原因,也说明了转变前后的内在延续性,这与爱伦堡在欧洲、苏联乃至世界文化中寻求犹太作家的自我定位有关。明确犹太线索在其创作历程和世界观转变的地位,有助于构建起立体的爱伦堡作家形象,并加深对苏联犹太作家的身份认同问题的理解。

The Jewish theme runs through Ehrenburg's entire creative career,and the writer's thinking about the Jewish question was also related to the change of his own worldview and creation view.In his novels of the 1920s,Ehrenburg believed that Jews could only achieve true freedom through eternal wandering,and his literary style was very modernist.After experiencing the Great Patriotic War and the Holocaust in the 1930s,Ehrenberg preferred the assimilation of the“Soviet Jews”,and his literary creation returned to traditional realism and humanitarianism.The Jewish thread in Ehrenburg's writing not only explains the reasons for the shift in his worldview,but also illustrates the inherent continuity before and after the shift,which is related to Ehrenburg's search for a Jewish writer's self-positioning in European,Soviet and world cultures.Clarifying the place of Jewish clues in his creative journey and worldview transformation helps to construct a three-dimensional image of Ehrenburg as a writer and to deepen the understanding of the identity issues of Soviet Jewish writers.