预防狂犬病系列健康传播材料的研制与效果分析

Analysis on development and effects of communication materials for rabies prevention

目的研发适用于不同受众的预防狂犬病系列健康传播材料。方法根据受众需求分析、权威指南及文献确定传播材料的核心信息及信息通俗化创作,预实验定稿。采用方便抽样选择2个社区、3所小学进行健康传播并评价;通过微信公众号进行健康传播并利用问卷星评价。结果共研发6类10种预防狂犬病系列健康传播材料,内容包括狂犬病传播要素、预防措施等。通俗化与信息表达方式有模型类比、打油诗、视觉性符号、原创插画等10种。小学生讲授前后知识平均得分分别为(5.05±1.29)、(6.82±1.19)分(满分8分),差异有统计学意义(t=19.58,P<0.01),授课满意度为94.85%;社区居民调查中认为折页科学性和趣味性非常好的分别占73.31%、70.86%;微信公众号问卷星调查中科学性和趣味性评分分别为(4.76±0.57)、(4.69±0.65)分(满分5分)。结论本研究中研发的预防狂犬病系列健康传播材料科学性、趣味性、适宜性较好。今后应进一步利用健康传播材料进行狂犬病干预并开展效果评价。

Objective To develop a series of communication materials for rabies prevention for different audiences.Methods The core information and information popularization creation of communication materials were determined based on the analysis on demands of audiences,authoritative guides and literature,and the preliminary experiment was finalized.Two communities and 3 primary schools were selected by means of convenience sampling for health transmission and evaluation.The health communication was implemented via WeChat official accounts,and questionnaire star platform was utilized.Results A total of 6 categories and 10 types of rabies prevention series of health transmission materials were developed,and the contents included transmission factors,prevention measures,etc.The expression modes for the popularization included the model analogy,doggerel,visual symbol,original illustration,etc.The average scores of rabies knowledge in elementary school students were(5.05±1.29)points and(6.82±1.19)points(full score:8 points)before and after education,the difference was statistically significant(t=19.58,P<0.01),and the teaching satisfaction rate was 94.85%;excellent satisfaction in scientificity and interest of leaflets in community residents was 73.31%and 70.86%respectively;scientific score and interesting score of WeChat official account articles were(4.76±0.57)points and(4.69±0.65)points respectively(full score:5 points).Conclusion The series of health communication materials for rabies prevention developed in the present study are considered to be greatly scientific,interesting and appropriate.Communication materials for rabies prevention should be further popularized and promoted based on researches on effect evaluation in the future.