某地区基层疾控机构突发公共卫生事件应急能力现况调查

Investigation on public health emergency responses capacity of primary-level disease control and prevention institutes in an area

目的了解西宁地区基层疾病预防控制机构(疾控机构)突发公共卫生事件应对能力现状,为制定提高西宁地区疾控机构卫生应急能力策略提供依据。方法采用问卷调查、现场调研、访谈的方法对西宁地区7个县(区)级疾控中心的突发公共卫生应急能力现状进行调查。结果西宁地区各基层疾控中心均无专职卫生应急管理部门及专职应急管理人员,应急队伍能力偏低,应急体系建设不足;应急演练与培训形式单一,内容不全面;卫生应急部门物资保障缺少经费、物资设备配备不足,部门沟通与协调能力有待加强;实验用房面积均达不到标准,最高构成比57.27%,最低构成比仅25.92%;工作人员数量严重不足,平均占29.67%;实验室在编人员最少者仅2人,临时聘用人员占41.51%;检验检测项目达标率为17.80%~38.98%,平均达标率为30.51%,实验室完成A类、B类常规工作所需仪器设备平均达标率分别为54.21%、49.85%。西宁地区各基层疾控中心卫生应急体系能力建设有待加强,人才队伍能力是影响应急能力建设的基本因素。结论政府部门要加强应急经费保障,科学配备疾病预防控制中心专业人员;各疾控中心要加强公共卫生体系建设,尽快提升应对突发公共卫生事件的综合能力。

Objective To understand current state of public health emergency response capacity of primary-level disease control and prevention institutes(disease control institutes)in Xining,and to provide the basis for developing strategies to improve the health emergency response capacity of disease control institutes in Xining.Methods The questionnaire survey,field survey,and interview were used to investigate current state of emergency response capacity of 7 county(district)-level CDCs in Xining.Results All primary disease control centers in Xining lacked of health emergency management departments or full-time specialists.The emergency handling team was slightly incapable,and the building of emergency system constructions was insufficient.Emergency exercises and trainings were found to have single forms and incomplete contents;the material support funds and materials&equipment provision of emergency management departments were insufficient.Inter-department communication and collaboration remained being strengthened.The area of the experimental rooms,with the highest proportion of 57.27%and the lowest proportion of 25.92%merely was substandard;the number of staffs was seriously insufficient with an average construction of 29.67%.The least number of experimental workers permanently was only 2.Temporarily engaged employees accounted for 41.51%.The compliance rate of inspection and testing items was 17.80%-38.98%,and the average compliance rate was 30.51%.The average compliance rate of instruments and equipment required for the laboratory to complete Class A and Class B regular work was 54.21%and 49.85%respectively.The capacity building of health system of primary disease control centers in Xining remained being intensified,and the capacity building of talents was considered to be a basic element influencing the building of response capacity.Conclusion Government authorities should enhance the financial emergency funding guarantee,and CDC specialists should be scientifically staffed.It is important that all CDCs should intensify the building of public health system and improve the comprehensive capacity to respond to public health emergencies as early as possible.