超大惯量航天器微低重力仿真试验系统设计与实现

Design and implementation of the test system for the super-large inertia spacecraft’s micro-low gravity simulation

航天器微低重力仿真试验是模拟验证太空环境下航天器性能最有效、最经济的方法。由于空间站由多个舱段在轨组装而成,其自身的质量和惯量较大,对微低重力仿真系统的构建带来新的挑战。文中提出一种以大型超平支撑平台为基础、多体式气浮平台为刚性运动基,跨度达20 m的大惯量、低摩擦微低重力试验系统。通过对试验系统的原理介绍、关键指标分析,确定试验系统各部分的设计依据。同时对单轴气浮平台、3自由度气浮平台、桁架结构、地基等进行设计和分析,实物验证此微低重力仿真试验系统满足空间站控制系统验证需求。

The micro-low gravity simulation test is the most effective and economical method to simulate and verify the spacecraft’s performance in space environment.Because the space station is assembled by several modules in orbit,its own weight and inertia are large,which brings new challenges to the construction of the micro-low gravity simulation system.In this article,a test system with large inertia,low friction and low gravity is proposed.It has a large super-flat support platform and a multi-type air floating platform as the rigid motion base,spanning 20 m.Then,the principle of the test system and is introduced and efforts are made to analyze the key indexes,thus,the design basis of each part of the test system is determined.At the same time,the analysis is conducted on the uniaxial air floating platform,the 3-degree-of-freedom air-floating platform,the truss structure,the foundation and so on.A series of experiment show that with the help of this micro-low gravity simulation test,the verification requirement of the space station’s control system is controlled.