儿童和青少年前交叉韧带损伤的管理现状

Management status of anterior cruciate ligament injury in children and adolescents

目的 通过总结目前儿童和青少年前交叉韧带(anterior cruciate ligament,ACL)损伤的管理现状,以期为儿童和青少年ACL损伤的管理提供借鉴。方法 广泛查阅近年国内外相关文献,总结儿童和青少年ACL损伤的管理现状。结果 目前,每年儿童和青少年ACL损伤患者数量在逐步增加。其诊断主要依靠症状和体征,常用治疗方式包括康复治疗和骨骺保留重建、全骺板内重建、部分经骺板重建和穿骺板重建等手术技术。结论 应加强对儿童和青少年膝关节的动态监测;根据患者的实际年龄、骨龄、Tanner分期及生理状况如月经、身体增长速度等特点,选择针对儿童和青少年ACL损伤治疗的最佳方法。

Objective To summarize the current management of anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) injury in children and adolescents, in order to provide reference for the management of ACL injury in children and adolescents.Methods The relevant literature at home and abroad in recent years was extensively accessed to summarize the management status of ACL injury in children and adolescent. Results The number of ACL injury in children and adolescents is increasing every year. The diagnosis of ACL mainly depends on symptoms and signs. Rehabilitation,physeal-sparing techniques, partial transphyseal techniques, all-epiphyseal techniques, and transphyseal techniques are used to treat ACL injury in children and adolescents. Conclusion Dynamic monitoring of knee joint in children and adolescents should be strengthened. The best treatment for ACL injury in children and adolescents is selected according to the patients’ actual age, bone age, Tanner stage, and physiological conditions such as menstruation, body growth speed, and other characteristics.