消极认知情绪调节在医学院校学生非适应性完美主义与阈下抑郁间的中介效应

Mediation effect of negative cognitive emotion regulation between maladaptive perfectionism and subthreshold depression in medical college students

目的探讨医学院校学生消极认知情绪调节在非适应性完美主义与阈下抑郁间的中介作用,为干预阈下抑郁提供依据。方法采取整群抽样法,于2019年5月至7月选取北京市四所医学院校的1016名大学生,运用中文版Frost多维完美主义量表(CFMPS)、中文版认知情绪调节问卷(CERQ-C)、流调中心用抑郁量表(CES-D)进行调查。运用相关分析、Hayes的PROCESS 3.5程序及Bootstrap方法进行中介效应及显著性检验。结果实际发放问卷1200份,回收有效问卷数量为1016份,有效回收率为84.67%。医学院校学生阈下抑郁得分(19.98±8.88)分;完美主义得分为(83.38±14.51)分;消极认知情绪调节得分为(45.16±8.86)分。不同性别学生在适应性完美主义上的得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同培养层次的医学院校学生完美主义、非适应性完美主义、消极认知情绪调节得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。医学院学生非适应性完美主义与阈下抑郁呈正相关(r=0.669,P<0.01);适应性完美主义的与阈下抑郁呈负相关(r=-0.298,P<0.01);消极认知情绪调节与阈下抑郁呈正相关(r=0.689,P<0.01)。消极认知情绪调节在非适应性完美主义与阈下抑郁间存在的中介效应,效应值为0.20(Boot CI:0.17,0.23)。结论消极认知情绪调节在医学院校学生非适应性完美主义与阈下抑郁之间有中介作用。因此,学校应从关注非适应性完美主义人格及改善消极认知情绪调节等方式入手进行干预,改善学生的阈下抑郁状况。

Objective To explore the mediation role of negative cognitive emotion regulation between non-adaptive perfectionism and subthreshold depression in medical college students,and to provide evidence for intervention in subthreshold depression.Methods A cluster sampling method was adopted to select 1016 college students from four medical schools in Beijing from May to July 2019.The Chinese version of the frost multidimensional perfectionism scale(CFMPS),the Chinese version of the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire(CERQ-C)and the center for epidemiological studies depression scale(CES-D)were used to investigate.Correlation analysis,Hayes’PROCESS 3.5 program and Bootstrap method were used to test the mediating effect and significance.Results A total of 1200 questionnaires were actually distributed,a total of 1016 valid questionnaires were recovered,and the effective recovery rate was 84.67%.The subthreshold depression score of medical college students was(19.98±8.88)points;the perfectionism score was(83.38±14.51)points;the negative cognitive emotion regulation score was(45.16±8.86)points.There were statistically significant differences in the scores of adaptive perfectionism among students of different genders(P<0.05);comparing the scores of perfectionism,non-adaptive perfectionism,and negative cognitive emotion regulation among medical college students at different training levels,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was positive correlation between nonadaptive perfectionism and subthreshold depression in medical students(r=0.669,P<0.01);there was negative correlation between adaptive perfectionism and subthreshold depression(r=-0.298,P<0.01);negative cognitive emotion regulation was positively correlated with subthreshold depression(r=0.689,P<0.01).Negative cognitive emotion regulation had mediating effect between maladaptive perfectionism and subthreshold depression,with an effect size of 0.20(Boot CI:0.17,0.23).Conclusion Negative cognitive emotion regulation mediates the relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and subthreshold depression in medical school students.Therefore,schools should intervene by focusing on non-adaptive perfectionist personality and improving negative cognitive emotion regulation to improve students’subthreshold depression.