基于生态康养指数和SRP模型的风景区生态康养资源禀赋评价与功能区划

Evaluation and Functional Zoning of Ecological Healthcare Resources Endowment in Scenic Spots Based on NDHI Index and SRP Model

【目的】出行旅游已经成为人类追求健康生活的重要组成部分。将自然生态过程与人类社会活动影响相结合,进行生态资源评价和功能区划,表征生态功能供给现状和可持续性,为人们的出行提供参考依据。【方法】在著名旅游胜地、拥有丰富旅游资源的五大连池风景区,结合野外观测、遥感数据、归一化生态康养指数和敏感度—恢复力—压力度(SRP)模型等方法,从空气、泉水、地磁、气候、声环境等方面,评价五大连池生态康养功能供给的重要性;从高程、坡度、土壤有机碳、植被覆盖度、人口密度和距道路距离等方面,评价五大连池生态系统的脆弱性;综合考虑自然干扰和人为干扰等影响因素,依据主导功能和生态系统完整性原则完成生态康养功能区划。【结果】将五大连池风景区初步划分为生态康养功能利用的4个一级分区和26个二级分区,生态康养功能核心区和主导区主要位于景区南部,生态脆弱区主要位于火山锥附近区域。【结论】建议景区管理者依据五大连池风景区生态康养功能分区特征,实行分区管理,形成五大连池品牌化异质化的生态康养模式,推出引导式生态保护模式。

【Objective】It has been a notable part for human health that visiting and relaxing at scenic areas.Natural ecological process and the impact of social activities were combined to conduct ecological resource evaluation and functional zoning,thus characterize the current supply and sustainability of ecological functions.Meanwhile,the result could provide a reference for traveling destination decision.【Method】As a famous tourist attraction,Wudalianchi retains magnificent tourism resources.With multiple methods such as field observation,remote sensing,and normalized evaluation,the importance of Wudalianchi’s ecological healthcare function was evaluated in terms of air quality,spring water,geomagnetism,climate,and acoustic environment.The vulnerability of the Wudalianchi ecosystem was assessed in terms of elevation,slope,soil organic carbon,vegetation coverage,population density,and distance from roads.With comprehensive consideration of natural and human disturbances and other influential factors,the ecological health function zoning was completed based on the principles of dominant function and the integrity of the ecosystem.【Result】The Wudalianchi Scenic Area was systematically divided into 4 first-level ecological conservation functional areas and 26 second-level ecological conservation functional areas.The core and dominant areas of the ecological conservation functions were mainly located in the south areas,while vulnerable areas were mainly near the volcanic cone.【Conclusion】Based on the features of the ecological health function zoning,it is recommended that implementing zoning control for a branded and heterogeneous ecological healthcare pattern for Wudalianchi,and a guided ecological conservation pattern could be introduced additionally.