甘肃敦煌阳关国家级自然保护区猛禽资源调查及保护对策

The Raptor Resources Investigation and Conservation Strategies in the Dunhuang Yangguan National Nature Reserve,Gansu Province

【目的】基于阳关保护区2016—2020年(重点关注2020年)的猛禽监测数据分析研究,提出猛禽保护具体措施,以提高对猛禽资源的科学保护能力。【方法】通过样带和样点调查法,采用实地观测记录、红外线相机记录、野外监控系统记录,结合前人的调查资料,对猛禽资源进行全面调查。【结果】调查结果表明,阳关保护区猛禽种类从2016年的9种增加至2020年的19种,占阳关保护区鸟类种数的13.57%,分属3目4科,鹰形目12种、隼形目4种、鸮形目3种;国家一级、二级重点保护物种分别为5种、14种;13种为常见种、6种为稀有种。猛禽多样性的季节变化明显,多样性最高的是秋季(8—10月),其次是春季(4—5月)。【结论】保护区要依法开展联合保护,恢复破碎化的猛禽栖息地,实现林田湖草一体化管理,不断增加栖息地设施,维护水域生态安全,强化猛禽资源保护,同时建立猛禽资源数据库。

【Objective】Based on the analysis of raptor monitoring data from 2016 to 2020(special focus on 2020),this study proposed specific measures for the raptor protection,which would improve raptor resource conservation.【Method】A comprehensive survey of raptor resources was conducted via the transect and sample point survey method,the field observation and infrared camera,which provided the field monitoring system records,combined with the previous survey data.【Result】The survey showed that the raptor species increased from 9 in 2016 to 19 in 2020,accounting for 13.57%of the total number of bird species in Yangguan Reserve,which belonged to 3 orders and 4 families.Specifically,12 species of Accipitriformes,4 species of Falconiformes and 3 species of Strigiformes.There were 5 national first-level key protected species and 14 national second-level key protected species.Among them,13 of the 19 species were common species,while 6 were rare species.Raptors diversity varies seasonally,with the highest richness in autumn(August—October),followed by spring(April—May).【Conclusion】The management organizations were suggested to implement joint protection in accordance with the law to strengthen the protection of raptor resources,including restoring fragmented raptor habitat,realizing the integrated management of forests,farmland,lakes and grass,constantly increasing habitat facilities,maintaining ecological security in water areas,strengthening the protection of raptor resources and establishing a database of raptor resources.