“外汇券”与中国的外汇管理工作

Foreign Exchange Certificate and China’s Foreign Exchange Control Work

“外汇券”发行、流通于中国改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期的起始阶段,是中国政府为保证改革开放战略的实施与推进,稳定社会主义金融秩序,并最大限度地确保非贸易外汇收入由国家掌握而实行的一种特殊的“权宜”措施。在中国的外汇管理中,“外汇券”因具有“钞证合一”的特殊属性,发挥了“屏障”与“媒介”作用,从而完成了在改革开放拉开大幕和全面展开阶段“创汇”与“收汇”这两个主要任务。其在国内市场发行与流通的发展历程,实际上反映了改革开放后中国政府在面对经济发展的新形势和新问题时,逐步探索外汇管理工作,打开国门,融入世界经济并实现由计划经济向社会主义市场经济过渡这一渐进性的历史进程。

Foreign exchange certificate, issued and circulated in the beginning of China’s reform and opening-up and socialist modernization construction, was the measure that the government took to ensure the implementation and advancement of reform and opening-up strategies, stabilize socialist financial order, and made sure that the non-trade foreign exchange revenue was held by China. In China’s foreign exchange control, the foreign exchange certificate had played as the barrier and media because of its special attribute of integration of banknotes and certificates, thereby completing the two major tasks, earning and collecting foreign exchanges, during the initial and development of reform and opening-up. The process of issue and circulation of foreign exchange certificate reflected that China gradually explored foreign exchange control work, opened up to the outside world, integrated into the world economy and achieved the transition from the planned economy to the socialist market economy in the face of new situations and problems that China faced since the reform and opening-up, which is a progressive historical process.