新冠肺炎疫情背景下全球博士后的合作导师支持与博士后发展状况

Postdoctoral Supervisors and Postdoctors'Development in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic

博士后与其合作导师之间的关系不是简单意义的师生关系,具有一定的特殊性和自身特点。在新冠肺炎疫情暴发后,合作导师对博士后的支持显得尤为重要。本文利用《Nature》2020年7月开展的“首次全球博士后调查”得到的6982位高校全职博士后的调查数据,实证分析在新冠肺炎疫情出现后,全球博士后获得合作导师支持的情况,利用OLS、有序logit和路径分析等方法分析合作导师支持对博士后培养与发展的影响及其国家异质性和影响机制。研究发现,合作导师支持显著降低博士后的抑郁焦虑程度、提高博士后工作整体满意度和对职业前景的信心,对受新冠肺炎疫情影响的博士后的帮助更大。基于中美两国对比分析的结果,本文提出合作导师在对博士后进行指导时宜遵循综合、适切和适度的原则。

The relationship between postdoctors and their supervisors is not a simple student-teacher relationship,but it has certain particularities and its own characteristics.After the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic,the support of the supervisors for postdoctoral fellows is particularly important.It also brings new opportunities and challenges to the training and attraction of high-end talents.Conducted by Nature on“Global Postdoc Survey”,data of 6,982 full-time postdoctoral fellows in universities and institutions were collated and utilized to make an international comparison of the global postdoctoral training and development in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.The influence and its heterogeneity among different countries are analysed by means of OLS,ordinal logistic regression and path analysis.The findings show that the support from supervisors decreases the postdoctors'depression and anxiety,while increasing the satisfaction of postdoctors'work and career prospect via the influence upon supervisors'trust and satisfaction.Their support is more likely to make greater impact upon those who are infected by the pandemic.Particularly,the data from China and America imply that suitable strategies require to be taken that supervisors would support postdoctor not only on the work but also mental health.Meanwhile,the supervision would be focused more upon the support rather than instructions and orders with proper measures and suggestions.Some implications have been made to improve the postdoctors'development.