X射线透射技术分选铀矿石试验研究

Experimental Study on Separation of Uranium Ore by X-Ray Transmission Technology

X射线透射分选技术是利用X射线照射不同物料后,不同物料对X射线的穿透能力不同进行分选的方法。铀矿石浸出之前利用X射线透射技术将不含铀或含微量铀的废石分选出来,是降低硬岩铀矿生产成本的有效方法。邹家山铀矿石采矿贫化率高、铀矿物在矿石中分布不均匀、适合入选的矿石产率高,有利于采用X射线透射技术分选。针对邹家山铀矿石利用XNDT-104型分选机开展了分选试验研究,考察了分级入选、全粒级入选、不同分选产率条件下铀矿石的分选效果,试验结果表明:尾矿实际产率和尾矿理论产率基本吻合,说明了X射线透射分选机的可靠性较好,可以根据需要准确控制尾矿产率,当设定尾矿理论产率35%时,实际尾矿作业产率为35.67%,尾矿中铀品位0.018%,铀分布率3.51%;相对于原矿低品位矿石产率29.68%,铀分布率为2.48%。低品位矿石中铀的品位低于铀矿山的浸出渣中铀的品位,可以直接抛尾。X射线透射分选技术用于硬岩铀矿石预先抛尾是可行的,有利于铀矿山企业降本增效。

X-ray transmission separation technology is a method to separate materials by using the difference of X-ray penetration ability after X-ray irradiates different materials. It is an effective way to reduce the cost of hard rock uranium ore to separate some gangue containing no or trace uranium by X-ray transmission technology before uranium ore being leached. The high dilution rate of Zoujiashan uranium ore,the uneven uranium minerals in the ore and the high yield of the ore suitable for elutriating are conducive to the use of X-ray transmission separation technology. Separation experiments were conducted on Zoujiashan uranium ore by the XNDT-104 type separator,and the separation effect of uranium ore was investigated according to the following conditions:the classification elutriating,the whole-grade elutriating and the different separation yield. The results show that the actual yield of tailings is basically consistent with the theoretical yield of tailings,which indicates that the X-ray transmission separator has a good reliability and can accurately control the yield of tailings as needed. When the theoretical yield of tailings is set at 35% and the actual yield of tailings is 35. 67%,the grade of uranium in tailings is 0. 018% and distribution rate of uranium is 3. 51%. For raw ore,the yield of low-grade ore is 29. 68%,the distribution rate of uranium is 2. 48%.The grade of uranium in the low-grade ore is lower than that in the leaching residue of the uranium mine,so it can be directly discarded. It is feasible to use X-ray transmission separation technology to pre-discard hard-rock uranium ore,which is beneficial for cost reduction and efficiency increase of uranium mining enterprises.