汉译组构标记择优论——汉译语文研究之一

On the Preferential Selection of the Chinese Constitutive Markers: A Series of Studies on Language and Characters in Chinese

译者组织汉译时,双语的各种组构标记会产生冲突。本文以英语被动态汉译时对主动句、中动句和有标被动句的优选为例,讨论汉译组构标记择优论问题。本文认为,汉译时总体上应充分发挥汉语优势,兼顾外语优势,尤其要注意将外语优势转化为汉语优势,如将印欧诸语言的被动态译为汉语的主动态;外语向汉语转化时须遵循汉译组构标记择优序列。掌握这一序列将有助于汉译规范化,丰富且保护汉语特色。

When Chinese translation is formulated, constitutive markers from both languages may conflict. This paper attempts to describe the preferential selection of Chinese constitutive markers when English passive voice is translated into active, middle voice and marked passive sentences in Chinese.The advantages of Chinese language should be fully utilized while those of foreign languages should not be ignored and it is particularly rewarding to transform foreign language advantages into Chinese ones.Such is the case when passive voice in Indo-European languages is converted to active voice in Chinese,during which process the preference hierarchy of Chinese constitutive markers could be followed. To adopt preferential selection is to help standardize Chinese translation, and to enrich and preserve the features of Chinese language.