白洋淀流域河流干涸断流遥感监测

Remote Sensing Monitoring of Dry River Beds in Baiyangdian Lake Basin

白洋淀流域水生态环境质量对雄安新区及周边区域具有重要意义,为了掌握白洋淀流域地表河流水资源状况,利用高分辨率遥感影像进行人工目视解译,分别获取了白洋淀流域河流2018年春季(枯水期)、2018年夏季(丰水期)干涸断流河段的空间位置、干涸长度以及干涸比等信息,并从干涸断流河流的空间分布、季度变化、干涸断流原因等方面进行了分析。结果表明:白洋淀流域河流2018年春季及夏季河流干涸断流长度均在1100 km左右,2018年丰水期干涸河道长度比枯水期减少了98.78 km,夏季河流干涸断流情况略有改善,但白洋淀流域整体河流干涸断流情况较严重;唐河、大沙河、慈河常年干涸断流情况严重,在监测期内两个季度出现干涸断流的河段都超过50 km;保定市相对于白洋淀流域其他地市,监测期内常年干涸河道最长,达到535.54 km,间歇性干涸河道长度为250.3 km,因此保定市是白洋淀流域开展水生态环境治理改善的重点区域;白洋淀流域河流干涸断流问题较严重。建议制订严格的水资源规划及利用管理制度,同时建立流域地表水资源状况遥感动态监测机制,为跨流域调水工程实施提供决策依据,同时对调水工程实施后的效果开展评价,为白洋淀流域水生态环境质量改善提供支撑。

The water eco-environmental safety of Baiyangdian Basin has great significance for Xiong'an New District and its surroundings.In order to master surface water resources in the Baiyangdian Lake Basin,visual interpretation was carried out based on high-resolution remote sensing images to identify spatial location,length and ratio of drying-up rivers in spring 2018(low-water period)and summer of 2018(high-water period).Then,the spatial distribution,seasonal variation,and causes of drying-up rivers were analyzed.The results show that the drying-up length in spring and summer 2018 is about 1100 km.In 2018,drying-up length in the high-water period is reduced by 98.78 km than the low-water period.Although drying-up rivers have slightly recovered in summer compared with spring,drying-up rivers as a whole is still severe.The Tang River,Dasha River and Ci River has serious drying-up conditions all year round,and their drying-up length both exceed 50 km in the two recording period.In terms of perennial drying-up river,Baoding City has the longest drying-up length during the monitoring period compared with other cities in the Baiyangdian Lake Basin.Specifically,the perennial drying-up length and intermittent drying-up length reach 535.54 km and 250.3 km,respectively.Therefore,Baoding City is the crucial area for improving the water eco-environment in the Baiyangdian Lake Basin.The river dry-up problem has been severe in the Baiyangdian Lake Basin.Therefore,it is recommended to formulate a strict water resource planning and utilization system.Meanwhile,it is necessary to establish dynamic monitoring mechanism for surface water resources of the river basin by remote sense.Those strategies can provide a decision-making basis for inter-basin water transfer projects and evaluate the effects of water transfer projects,thereby providing technical support for improving water eco-environment quality in the Baiyangdian Lake Basin.