为什么农业转移人口基本公共服务不可携带——基于利益博弈的分析

Why the Basic Public Service of Agricultural Transfer Population is not Portable:Based on the Analysis of Game Theory

围绕农业转移人口基本公共服务是否可携带的问题展开,从概念界定和现状分析入手,运用博弈分析方法,剖析中央政府、流入地政府以及流出地政府在农业转移人口基本公共服务保障中的权、责、利关系,进而查找农业转移人口基本公共服务不可携带的成因,得出两点结论:一是要保证农业转移人口基本公共服务可携带,中央政府、流入地政府和流出地政府均要承担供给责任,然而从博弈分析结果可知,三者均为“不承担”或“有条件承担”,且在现实情况下承担条件难以满足,导致当前我国农业转移人口基本公共服务呈现出“不可携带”现状;二是各供给主体在农业转移人口基本公共服务供给中缺位的根源,包括供给责任界定及划分不明确、供给责任和财力资源不匹配。最后,尝试提出促进其可携带的合理性方案,认为要在明确界定和划分供给责任的基础上,通过建立资源与责任相匹配的专项转移支付制度,实现农业转移人口基本公共服务可携带。

This paper focuses on the issue of portability of basic public services of agricultural transfer population.Based on the definition of the concept and the analysis of the current situation,it analyzes the rights,responsibilities and interests relationship among the central government,the government in the inflow area and the government in the outflow area in the supply of basic public services for agricultural transfer population using game analysis,then find out the causes.Two conclusions are drawn as follows:(1)In order to ensure that the basic public services of agricultural transfer population can be carried,the central government,the local government of inflow and the local government of outflow should take the responsibility of supply.However,the results of game analysis show that the responsibilities are"not been taken"or only"conditionally taken",and in reality,the prerequisites of taking responsibilities are too difficult to meet,which results in"non-portability"of the basic public services of agricultural transfer population in China.(2)The root of the lack of public service supply would be the unclear definition and division of supply responsibility,and the mismatch between supply responsibility and financial resources.In conclusion,this paper tries to put forward a reasonable scheme to promote its portability and make the basic public services of agricultural transfer population portable by establishing a special transfer payment system that matches resources with responsibilities on the basis of clearly defining and dividing the supply responsibility.