宗族文化对人口流动范围的影响——基于族谱、祠堂与CMDS数据分析

The Influence of Clan Culture on the Range of Population Mobility:An Analysis of Genealogy,Ancestral Temple and CMDS Data

近年来,随着流动人口的快速扩张,人口流动范围也呈现出新的变化趋势。本文从传统文化的视角,研究宗族文化对人口流动范围的影响及其作用机制。以族谱数和家谱数作为宗族文化的代理变量,结合2017年中国流动人口动态监测调查数据(CMDS)及各省统计年鉴控制个体和地方层面的因素,研究作为非正式制度的宗族文化与流动人口迁移范围的关系。研究结果表明,宗族文化越浓厚的地区,流动人口的迁移范围就越大。宗族文化作为一种非正式制度起到一种风险分担的作用,进而降低人们迁移的心理成本,所以宗族文化强的地区,人们更愿意进行长距离迁移。本文的政策含义在于,在鼓励劳动要素自由流动的同时,需要加强地区社会保障以及流动人口的就业保障,降低流动人口的迁移成本。这对缩小区域差距,促进地区经济快速发展有重要影响。

In recent years,with the rapid expansion of population migration,the scope of population mobility has shown some new changes.This study explores the influence of clan culture on the scope of population mobility and its mechanism.We take the number of genealogy and ancestral halls as proxy variables of clan culture,and control the personal and provincial factors by the data of 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey and China Statistical Yearbook to estimate the relation between clan culture and the migration scope.The conclusion indicates that the stronger the clan culture,the larger the migration range of the floating population.Clan culture,as an informal institution,plays a role in risk sharing for the rural migrants,and thereby reduces the psychological cost of migrants.Thus the rural residents in the areas with strong clan culture tend to have more willing to migrate over long distances.The policy implication of this article is that the the free flow of labor factors across the country need strengthen the regional social security and employment security,to reduce the migration costs for the floating population,and finally to narrow the regional gap and promote the rapid development of the regional economy.