文字改革语境下章草书体的历史命运与当代启示

The Historical Destiny and Contemporary Enlightenment of Zhang Cursive Script in the Context of Chinese Character Reform

在20世纪初的文字改革潮流中,久被历史冷落的章草书体,在适逢地下文献出土、影印技术发展以及学界搜集整理等众多条件的合力推动下,受到了一批有识之士的广泛关注,并将其运用到文字改革的方案之中,一度表现出良好的复苏态势。然而受现实语境、实用缺陷以及字体发展规律等主客观因素的制约,已具兴盛之势的章草书体历时不久便以衰落而败退。以高二适《新定急就章及考证》等现代书家的章草理论著作为重点考察对象,着力从草形、释正等方面进行探究,可以看到章草书体在民国由盛转衰的历史命运。民国章草书体的兴衰,对促进当代文字改革以及草书艺术的发展亦具有一定的参考价值和启示意义。

In the trend of writing reform at the beginning of the 20 th century, Zhangcao Script, which had been neglected by history for a long time, was promoted by a group of insightful people under the combined force of many conditions, such as the unearthed underground documents, the development of photocopying technology, and the collection and sorting of academic circles. It has been widely concerned and applied to the program of writing reform, which once showed a good recovery trend. However, restricted by subjective and objective factors such as realistic context, practical flaws, and the regularity of font development, Zhangcao Script, which was already prosperous, soon declined. Focusing on the Zhangcao theoretical works of modern calligraphers such as “Xinding Ji Jiu Zhang and Textual Research” by Gao Ershi, focusing on the exploration from the aspects of sloppy writing shape and interpretation, we can see the historical fate of Zhangcao calligraphy going from prosperity to decline in the Republic of China. The rise and fall of the cursive script style in the Republic of China is also of certain reference value and enlightenment significance for promoting the reform of contemporary writing and the development of cursive script art.