一起新型冠状病毒肺炎家庭聚集性疫情流行病学调查方法的研究

Study on epidemiological investigation method for family clustering epidemic for a case with Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)

目的分析天津市某镇一起新型冠状病毒肺炎(新冠肺炎,Corona Virus Disease 2019,COVID-19)家庭聚集性疫情传播特征,并对该疫情运用的新型流行病学调查方法进行研究。方法应用现场流行病学方法调查COVID-19确诊、疑似病例及密切接触者,对本起聚集性疫情进行分析;新型冠状病毒核酸检测采用实时荧光聚合酶链式反应(real-time fluorescence PCR,RT-PCR)检测。结果本次聚集性疫情共涉及11例确诊病例和1例疑似病例,发生3代传播,代间距中位数为6(2~26)d,确诊病例在潜伏期末具有传染性,家庭内续发率为33.33%(19/57)。经病例口述获得的流行病学调查信息与公安调查轨迹及密切接触者提供相比存在信息偏倚。结论新冠肺炎会引起家庭聚集性传播,潜伏期末具有传染性。在聚集性疫情中需加强对密切接触者的追踪、管理;采用多途径结合更有助于获得真实流行病学调查信息。

Objective To analyze the transmission characteristics of family clustering of Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)in a town in Tianjin,and to study new epidemiological investigation method applied for the epidemic.Methods The field epidemiological method was applied to investigate confirmed,suspected cases and close contacts of COVID-19,and this clustering epidemic was analyze;and real-time fluorescence PCR(RT-PCR)assay was used for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid testing.Results A total of 11 confirmed cases and 1 suspected case,with three generations of transmission and median generation interval of 6(2-26)days were involved in current clustering epidemic,the confirmed cases were infectious at the end of the incubation period,the recurrence rate within the families was 33.33%(19/57),and the epidemiological investigation information acquired through case narration were deviated compared with the trace investigated by police force and the information provided by close contacts.Conclusion The COVID-19 can cause the family clustering spread,and it may infectious at the end of the incubation period.It is necessary to strengthen the trace and management of close contacts during clustering epidemics,and multiple methods adopted making for acquiring epidemiological investigation information.