氮磷钾配比施肥对中国无忧花幼苗生长及光合特性的影响

Effects of N,P and K Fertilization Treatments on Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Saraca dives Seedlings

以1年生中国无忧花实生幼苗为试验材料,采用3因素3水平正交试验设计,研究了不同氮磷钾配比施肥对其生长及光合特性的影响,以期为中国无忧花的科学合理施肥提供参考。结果表明,合理的氮磷钾配比施肥可以促进中国无忧花幼苗的生长,不同施肥处理下各生长及光合指标存在一定的差异,其中T4(N_(2)P_(1)K_(2))施肥处理对无忧花幼苗株高、根生物量、茎生物量、叶生物量及总生物量的促进效果最佳;T5(N_(2)P_(2)K_(3))施肥处理对无忧花幼苗地径、叶面积、叶周长、净光合速率、CO_(2)吸收的促进效果最佳。T1(N_(1)P_(1)K_(1))施肥处理对无忧花幼苗气孔导度,蒸腾速率的促进效果最佳。利用隶属函数综合评价得出,T5(N_(2)P_(2)K_(3))施肥处理(尿素2.0 g/株,过磷酸钙1.6 g/株,氯化钾3.0 g/株)是本次试验下对中国无忧花幼苗最适宜的施肥配方。

The one-year-old seedlings of Saraca dives were used as experimental materials.In order to provide a reference for the scientific and rational fertilization of Saraca dives,the orthogonal design of three factors and three levels was used to study the effects of different N,P and K ratios on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Saraca dives.The results showed that the reasonable ratio of N,P and K fertilizers could promote the growth of Saraca dives seedlings,and there were some differences in growth and photosynthetic indexes under different fertilization treatments.Among them,T4(N_(2)P_(1)K_(2))had the best effect on increasing plant height increment,root biomass,stem biomass,leaf biomass and total biomass.T5(N_(2)P_(2)K_(3))treatment had the best promotion effect on the seedling diameter,leaf area,leaf perimeter,net photosynthetic rate and CO_(2) absorption.T1(N_(1)P_(1)K_(1))had the best promotion effect on stomatal conductance and transpiration rate.According to the comprehensive evaluation of membership function,T5(urea 2.0 g/plant,calcium superphosphate 1.6 g/plant,and potassium chloride 3.0 g/plant)were the most suitable fertilization formulas for the seedlings of Saraca dives in this experiment.