我国数字内容产品消费者权益保护研究

Research on the Protection of Consumer Rights and Interests of Digital Content Products in China

数字内容产品是一种以创意为核心,以数字为载体的新型产品形态。当前我国数字内容产品的消费者权益保护问题十分复杂。在现实层面,因数字技术强权而消费者的弱者地位愈加凸显,平台经济也不断涌现新的消费形式,消费者对于数字内容产品的消费模式应接不暇。在制度层面,面临着法律供给不足的困境。放眼域外针对数字内容产品的消费者保护,经合组织和美国强调消费者权益保护有效监管和市场导向相结合的规制模式,欧盟和英国则偏重数字内容产品的销售责任和合同安全,特别是英国专门将数字内容产品消费列入消费者保护基本法予以重点规范。美欧的立法与司法实践可以从不同视角为我国提供有益的经验借鉴,实现消费者在数字内容产品方面的权益保障,激发数字产业发展活力,创新规制思维,并以分级分类数字内容产品为基础,采用多法协同共治、多元参与和风险防控、预设审查相结合的法律规制模式。

Digital content product is a new type of product form with creativity as the core and digital as the carrier.At present,the issues of consumer protection of digital content product in China are very complicated.In practical,the weak position of consumer due to the power of digital technology has become more prominent,and new various forms of consumption have been emerging in the internet platform economy.Consumers are overwhelmed by the consumption patterns of digital content products.Faced with these problems,the law of consumer protection can’t meet the consumers’demands.Taking a broad view of the consumer protection of digital content product around the world,OECD and the United States emphasize the regulatory model that combines effective supervision and market orientation of consumer right protection,while the European Union and the United Kingdom focus on the digital content product saler’s legal liability and safe obligation based on contract.More importantly,the United Kingdom set special rules in the basic Law on consumer protection in order to specifically regulate the consumption of digital content product.The legislative and judicial practices of the United States and Europe can provide different perspective useful experiences for China.We should realize the consumers’rights and interests in digital content product consumption,stimulate the vitality of digital industry development,innovate regulatory thinking,and adopt a legal regulatory model that combines multi-law collaborative governance,diversified subjects participation,risk prevention and control,and preset review,on the basis of hierarchical classification of digital content products.