产业发展如何更有效?——基于一个深度贫困村产业实践的社会分析

How to Make Industrial development More Effective?——Social Analysis Based on the Industrial Practice of a Deeply Poor Village

贫困地区产业发展是实现农民增收并推动乡村振兴的关键。文章从作为产业承载单位的村集体和农户及其关系构造入手,认为产业发展将受到外环境动力和内结构张力的共同作用,从而形成差异化的村户治理形态。通过对一个深度贫困村产业案例的考察发现,外环境动力提供了产业发展的基本方向,但决定性的因素是产业实施主体在与村庄社会结构互动中对利益的组合安排,它决定了产业的实践走向。问题的关键是能否将村户的结构性张力转化为村户的共利性动能,它将受到农户的自利性倾向、分利性要求的不断冲击。虽然共利性打造并非易事,但仅仅依赖共利性建构仍是不够的,在实现共益性联结中推动村级治理与产业发展的良性互动是未来选择。

Industrial development in poor areas is the key to increase peasants’income and promote rural revitalization.In order to achieve this goal,the research starts with the village collective and household as the unit.The analysis shows that the industrial development will be affected by the joint action of external environmental force and internal structural tension,so as to form a differentiated form of village governance.Through the investigation of an industrial case in a deeply poor village,it is found that the external environmental power provides the basic direction of industrial development,but the decisive factor is the combination arrangement of interests by the industrial implementation subject in the interaction with the village social structure,which determines the practical trend of the industry.The key is whether the structural tension of village-households can be transformed into the common benefit kinetic energy,which will be constantly impacted by the self-interest tendency and profit sharing requirements of peasant household.To build a common interest is to hard,but it is not enough to rely solely on the construction of common interest.The future choice is to promoting the benign interaction between village governance and industrial development in realizing the connection of common interest.