增材制造软磁材料研究进展

Additive Manufacturing of Soft Magnetic Materials-a Review

数字化正在以前所未有的方式改变当今制造业的发展方向。增材制造技术(additive manufacturing,AM)因其能够以最大的成材率制备几乎无法通过传统工艺(如铸造或注塑成型)获得的复杂净形状的工程部件而具有广泛的吸引力。随着科技的飞速发展,磁性材料在电子设备、电机、电动汽车、风力涡轮机、磁致冷电磁屏蔽领域、手机笔记本电脑等广泛应用中受到越来越多的关注。利用增材制造技术对磁性功能材料加工,可获得性能更高、加工成本更低的新型磁性元件,这推动了磁性材料增材制造研究的发展。本文介绍了选区激光熔化(Selected Laser Melting,SLM)、激光近净成型(Laser Engineered Net Shaping,LENS)等广泛应用的增材制造技术的工作原理以及在磁性材料制备中的应用,重点关注了增材制造加工的Fe-Si、Fe-Ni、Fe-Co、非晶纳米晶合金、软磁铁氧体等主要软磁合金体系的微观结构与磁性能,讨论增材制造软磁材料领域当前研究现状和未来发展趋势。

Digitization is changing the development direction of today's manufacturing industry in an unprecedented way.Additive manufacturing(AM)is an widely atractive process to manufacture net shape,complex,engineering components with minimum waste.Nowadays,magnetic materials are of high and growing interest in an extremely wide range of applications,e.g,electronic devices,rotating electrical machines,electric vehicles,wind turbines,magnctic cooling,electromagnetic shielding microphones,electric vehicles,wind turbines,etc.Using additive manufacturing technology to process magnetic functional materials could obtain new type of magnetic components with higher performance and lower processing cost,which promotes the development of AM research on magnetic material.This paper introduces the principles of widely used additive manufacturing processes such as Selected Laser Melting(SLM)and Laser Engineered Net Shaping(LENS),as well as their applications in soft magnetic materials manufacturing.The microstructure and magnetic properties of AM processed Fe-Si,Fe-Ni,Fe-Co,amorphous and nanocrystalline magnetic alloys,and soft ferrites are reviewed,and the current and the future development trends in the field of AM process of soft magnetic materials are outined.