“翻译伦理”概念的批评与反思

Critical Review of the Definition of “Translation Ethics”

“翻译伦理”研究经过近40年的发展后,已然形成多样的视角和丰硕的成果。然而,学界对何为“翻译伦理”的认识仍存在诸多分歧。为此,本文采用文献研究法、文本细读法和连续定义法,整理并剖析了学界引用较多的6种定义。研究发现,既有“翻译伦理”定义可分为译作规范说、行为规范说、译者德性说和关系秩序说等4种。基于翻译本质和伦理概念分析,本文指出界定“翻译伦理”需要综合考虑翻译主体的价值取向、翻译行为规范和译作规范,进而提出了新的“翻译伦理”操作定义。

The past forty years have witnessed a plenitude of research conducted about the topic of “translation ethics”.Yet, no consensus has been made about how to define the term “translation ethics”. To address this issue, the author collects and analyzes six widely-cited definitions. A close reading and detailed comparison of these definitions reveal the fact that the existing literature defines translation ethics as norms of translated texts, norms of translator behavior,virtue of translator and ethical relation/order among subjects. By referring to knowledge from ethics, it is concluded that definition of “translation ethics” should take into consideration the value orientation as well as norms of behavior and translated texts. Based on these premises, a new working definition of “translation ethics” is proposed.