下颌中切牙区牙槽骨的锥形束CT测量及其厚度的影响因素

CBCT measurement of alveolar bone in mandibular central incisor and the influencing factors of its thickness

下颌中切牙作为正畸导向,常需较大范围的移动,而此区域牙槽骨厚度相对较薄,矫治过程中易出现骨开窗、骨开裂等不良后果。因此,充分了解下中切牙区牙槽骨厚度的测量工具与影响因素具有非常重要的临床意义。目前,下中切牙区牙槽骨主要通过锥形束计算机断层扫描(CBCT)进行观测。其厚度的主要影响因素为垂直骨面型、矢状骨面型、下切牙倾斜度、年龄和性别等。此部分虽然研究较多但尚缺乏统一的认识,该文旨在针对正畸治疗前下中切牙区牙槽骨的CBCT测量与其厚度的影响因素作一综述,以期指导临床。

The mandibular central incisor as orthodontic guidance often moves in a large scale, and the thickness of alveolar bone in this area is relatively thin, which is prone to dehiscence, fenestration, and other undesirable effects in the process of orthodontic treatment. Therefore, it has great clinical significance to fully understand measuring tools and influencing factors of alveolar bone thickness in the lower middle incisor area. At present, observation of the alveolar bone in the lower central incisor area is mainly conducted through cone beam computed tomography(CBCT), and its main influencing factors are vertical bone type, sagittal bone type, lower incisor inclination, age, gender and so on. Although numerous studies have been done in this field, a consensus on such issue has not be achieved. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the CBCT measurement of alveolar bone in the lower central incisor area and the influencing factors of its thickness before orthodontic treatment, in order to provide instruction for clinical practice.