内源性大麻素系统对孤独症谱系障碍异常神经炎症反应调控作用的研究进展

Research progress in the regulation of endocannabinoid system on abnormal neuroinflammation in autism spectrum disorder

孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)是一种严重的神经发育障碍性疾病。近年来,世界各地ASD的患病率均呈上升趋势。目前,越来越多的证据表明,神经炎症反应可能是ASD的病因之一,包括炎性细胞因子异常表达和小胶质细胞异常激活等。内源性大麻素(eCB)系统是中枢神经系统调节的重要调节系统,可调控神经炎症反应,维持机体的免疫平衡。有研究证实,ASD体内存在eCB信号低表达,并且升高eCB信号可以纠正ASD的异常神经炎症反应,从而改善ASD样症状,因此,通过调节eCB系统抑制神经炎症反应可作为治疗ASD的新靶点。综上,本文对eCB系统-神经炎症-ASD三者之间的关系及调控作用进行简要概述。

Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a serious neurodevelopmental disorders with an increasing prevalence all over the world.Emerging evidence has implicated that neuroinflammation is one of the causes of ASD,including abnormal expression of inflammatory cytokines and abnormal activation of microglia.The endocannabinoid(eCB)system plays a key role in the regulation of the central nervous system,regulating the neuroinflammation and maintaining the immune balance.It has been confirmed that there is decreasing eCB signaling in ASD,and increasing eCB signaling can reduce the abnormal neuroinflammation of ASD and improve ASD symptoms.Therefore,inhibiting neuroinflammation by regulating the eCB system could be a new therapeutic target for ASD.This review combs the relationship and effect among the eCB system,neuroinflammation and ASD.