编年与叙事--从《春秋》《左传》看中国早期史学的发展演变

Chronicle and Narrative:Development and Evolution of the Early Chinese Historiography from Spring and Autumn and Zuozhuan

在中国早期史学的发展中,编年史《春秋》的出现无疑有着重要的意义。《春秋》的编年记录既显示为时间上的连贯性,同时又有着阶段性的区分,体现了将历史发展视作连续与断裂之统一的理解。《左传》在继承《春秋》编年史形式的基础上具有了更高的叙事连贯性,对所记载的众多史事之间的因果关系进行叙述,以凸显历史的整体相关性,从而构成了一个可以为人们所理解的过程。

In the development of early Chinese historiography,the chronicle Spring and Autumn undoubtedly has important significance.The chronological records in Spring and Autumn show not only temporal coherence,but also staged distinctions,reflecting the understanding of historical development as the unity of continuity and disconnection.Zuozhuan has a higher narrative coherence based on inheriting the chronicle style of Spring and Autumn.It narrates the causal relationship between the many historical events recorded to highlight the overall correlation of history,thus forming a process that can be understood by people.