后脱贫时代相对贫困的文化治理路径研究

Study on Cultural Governance Approaches to Relative Poverty in Post-poverty Era

精准脱贫在全国范围内已取得了全面胜利,我国已经进入后脱贫时代,绝对贫困转向相对贫困。然而,短期脱贫容易但长期致富难,曾经的深度贫困地区仍然面临相对贫困的可持续解决问题。窥其原因发现,贫困地区在长期历史发展过程中形成了具有区域共性的贫困文化,以其强大的文化惯性阻碍了扶贫政策的执行。贫困文化以其“内生性”“迟缓性”和“价值理性”与脱贫攻坚工作的“外源性”“紧迫性”与“工具理性”相对立。文章认为应通过文化和教育改造贫困文化的内在基因,使曾经的贫困人口摆脱贫困文化的束缚,确保后脱贫时代的政策在深度贫困地区能够长期可持续发挥实际效用,防止因贫困文化而导致二次返贫现象出现。

Targeted poverty alleviation has achieved a comprehensive victory nationwide,and China has entered the post-poverty era,where absolute poverty has turned to relative poverty.However,it is easy to get rid of poverty in the short term but difficult to get rich in the long term,and areas that were once deeply impoverished still face the problem of sustainable solution to relative poverty.In terms of the reasons,it is found that the poverty culture,with regional commonness and having formed in the poor areas in the long historical development process,hinders the implementation of poverty alleviation policy with its strong cultural inertia.Poverty culture,with its"endogenous","slowness"and"value rationality",is opposed to the"exogenous","urgency"and"instrumental rationality"of poverty alleviation.The article holds that the inherent genes of poverty culture should be transformed through culture and education,so that the former poor people can get rid of the shackles of poverty culture,ensuring that policies in the post-poverty era can have long-term and sustainable practical effects in deeply impoverished areas,and preventing the phenomenon of secondary return to poverty caused by poverty culture.