白蚁共生微生物资源的发掘及其在反刍动物上的开发前景

Exploration of Symbiotic Microbial Resources of Termites and Its Development Prospect in Ruminants

白蚁是自然界中高效的木质纤维素降解者。反刍动物虽然可以对粗纤维降解,但其对粗纤维降解作用有限,反刍动物的粪便中仍然含有大量可降解纤维素。白蚁在自身和微生物互作下,可以对粗纤维进行降解且降解效率显著高于瘤胃,其降解产物为乙酸等挥发性脂肪酸,这些挥发性脂肪酸可以被反刍动物利用。本文综述了白蚁的消化特点、白蚁肠道纤维降解微生物的机制及其在反刍动物生产中的开发前景,为白蚁生物资源在反刍动物上的开发及应用提供理论依据。

Termites are highly effective lignocellulose degraders in nature.Although ruminants can degrade crude fiber,their degradation effect on crude fiber is limited.Ruminant feces still contain a large amount of degradable cellulose.Under the interaction between termites and microorganisms,they can degrade crude fiber,and the degradation efficiency is significantly higher than that in rumen.Their degradation products are volatile fatty acids such as acetic acid,which can be used by ruminants.This paper summarizes the digestion characteristics of termites,the mechanism of termite intestinal fiber degrading microorganisms and its development prospect in ruminant production,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the development and application of termite biological resources in ruminants.