乳腺癌患者焦虑、疾病进展恐惧与未满足需求的相关性研究

A study on the correlation between anxiety,fear of disease progression and unmet needs in breast cancer patients

目的:了解乳腺癌患者未满足需求及焦虑、疾病进展恐惧的现状,并分析焦虑、癌症疾病进展恐惧与未满足需求的相关性。方法:选取2020年11月至2021年2月在某三级肿瘤专科医院接受治疗的246例乳腺癌患者为研究对象,应用一般资料调查表、焦虑自评量表、癌症患者恐惧疾病进展简化量表及中文版癌症患者未满足需求简明量表进行调查。结果:246例乳腺癌患者未满足需求总分为(1.79±0.56)分,信息维度需求最高(2.47±0.68)分;焦虑得分为(44.30±9.17)分,焦虑发生率24.0%;疾病进展恐惧得分为(31.11±10.01)分,发生率为43.1%。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,乳腺癌患者焦虑与工作及经济、照护获取及延续性护理、应对分享及情感3个维度及未满足需求总分呈正相关(r=0.227~0.394,P<0.05);疾病进展恐惧与照护获取及延续性护理、应对分享及情感2个维度及未满足需求总分呈正相关(r=0.126~0.149,P<0.05),与信息维度呈负相关(r=-0.156,P<0.05)。结论:乳腺癌患者未满足需求处于低至中等水平,焦虑、疾病进展恐惧心理发生率较高,心理状况与乳腺癌患者未满足需求密切相关,临床工作中应帮助患者正确应对情绪变化和心理障碍,减少患者的未满足需求,提高患者战胜疾病的信心及对未来生活的期待。

Objective:To investigate the status of unmet needs,anxiety and fear of disease progression in breast cancer patients and to analyze the correlation between anxiety,fear of disease progression and unmet needs.Methods:A total of 246 cases of breast cancer patients who were treated in a tertiary cancer hospital from November 2020 to February 2021 were investigated with the general information questionnaire,Self-rating Anxiety Scale,Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form and Chinese version of the Short-Form Survivor Unmet Needs Survey.Results:The total score of unmet needs was 1.79±0.56,and the score of the information dimension demand was 2.47±0.68 which was the highest among four dimensions;The score of anxiety was 44.30±9.17,and the incidence rate of anxiety was 24.0%;The score of fear of disease progression was 31.11±10.01,and the incidence was 43.1%.Pearson correlative analysis showed that the anxiety of breast cancer patients was positively correlated with the total score of unmet needs and three dimensions of unmet needs including work and economic demand,care acquisition and continuous care,coping sharing and emotion(r=0.227~0.394,P<0.05);Fear of disease progression was positively correlated with the total score of unmet needs and two dimensions of unmet needs including care acquisition and continuous care,coping sharing and emotion(r=0.126~0.149,P<0.05),while negatively correlated with the information dimension(r=-0.156,P<0.05).Conclusion:The unmet needs of breast cancer patients are at a low-medium level and the incidence of anxiety and fear of disease progression is high.The psychological status is closely related to the unmet needs of breast cancer patients.So,medical staffs should pay attention to help cancer patients to deal with emotional changes and psychological dysfunctions,then reduce patients’unmet needs and improve patients’confidence in overcoming diseases and expectations for future life in clinical work.