考虑实时调频需求的辅助服务市场机制及调度策略研究

Market Mechanism and Scheduling Strategy of Ancillary Services Considering Real-time Frequency Regulation Requirements

规模化储能参与电网调频,已成为应对可再生能源并网引起频率波动的重要手段。现阶段各电网调频辅助服务基于中长期时间尺度,且日内调频需求容量及价格固定,无法反映实时调频需求波动差异。文章提出一种基于需求紧俏度的调频辅助服务补偿机制,提出可反映实时调频性能的评价模型和指标,用以引导调频资源积极参与电网实时调节;针对性地提出了此市场机制下的火储联合调度策略,以调频成本最小为目标,调频资源技术特征为约束的滚动优化控制策略,实现对各储能参与调频市场的实时经济及性能指标的可测、可控;建立了上述市场机制及控制策略MATLAB/Simulink的仿真模型,结果表明所提市场机制及策略可以将储能日内可用时段变为100%,有效增强电网日内快速调频能力;调频紧缺时段运营商收益增加45.00%,实现多方共赢等。

The participation of large-scale energy storage in the grid frequency regulation has become an important means to deal with frequency fluctuations caused by the grid connection of renewable energy.At present,the frequency regulation(FR) auxiliary services of all power grids are based on medium and long term time scales,and the intraday frequency regulation demand capacity and prices are fixed,which cannot reflect the fluctuation difference of real-time frequency regulation demand.A compensation mechanism of FR ancillary services based on the demand tightness is proposed,meanwhile,an evaluation model and the indexes that reflect the performance of real-time FR are put forward to guide FR resources to actively participate in the real-time regulation of the power grid.The joint dispatching strategy of fire and storage under the market mechanism is presented,which aims at minimizing the FR cost and is constrained by the technical characteristics of FR resources,so as to realize the real-time economy and performance indexes of each energy storage participating in the FR market can be measured and controlled.The Matlab/Simulink simulation model of the above market mechanism and control strategy is established.The results show that the proposed market mechanism and strategy is able to change the available period of energy storage to 100%,effectively enhancing the power grid’s intraday fast frequency regulation capability.Even during the FR shortage period,the revenue of energy storage operators may increase by 45.00%,achieving a win-win situation.