专利密集型制造业全要素生产率增长评价研究——基于 DEA-Malmquist 指数法

Evaluation of Total Factor Productivity Growth of Patent-intensive Manufacturing Industries——Based on DEA-Malmquist Index Method

文章基于《知识产权(专利)密集型产业统计分类(2019)》对我国专利密集型制造业进行了界定,并以低专利密度型制造业作为对比,通过测算2007—2019年间两类制造业的全要素生产率(TFP)分析我国专利密集型制造业TFP的增长变动情况,并比较两类自主创新水平差距较为明显的制造业在TFP增长方面的差异。测算结果显示,两类制造业的TFP增长率及各分解项均呈现波动下行趋势,专利密集型制造业的TFP增长率及各分解项的整体水平高于低专利密度型制造业;技术进步是两类制造业TFP增长的主要驱动力,专利密集型制造业TFP的提升将更依赖于技术效率,低专利密度型制造业则需要技术进步和技术效率共同提高驱动TFP增长;两类行业内部均存在显著的差异性,更高的自主创新水平能够促进专利密集型制造业TFP的增长,但二者之间并不是简单的正相关关系。

Based on the Statistical Classification of Patent-intensive Industries(2019),which defines China’s patent-intensive manufacturing industries,this paper analyzes the differences of TFP(total factor productivity)growth between patent-intensive manufacturing industries and the low patent-intensive manufacturing industries by measuring the TFP of the two types of manufac⁃turing industries from 2007 to 2019.The results show that technological progress is the main driving force for TFP growth of the two types of manufacturing industries but the TFP growth rates of the two types of manufacturing industries are fluctuating downward.Technical efficiency is the main factor that drags down TFP growth of manufacturing industries;the TFP growth rate of patent-in⁃tensive manufacturing industry and the overall level of each item are higher than those of low-patent-intensive manufacturing in⁃dustry,and there are significant differences within the two industries.Higher independent innovation level can promote the growth of TFP of patent-intensive manufacturing industry,but there is not a simple positive correlation between them.