滨海盐碱地大棚种植方式优选试验研究

Experimental study on optimization of greenhouse planting mode in coastal saline-alkali land

通过开展滴灌条件下大棚试验,研究限根器种植、垄作无膜种植、垄作覆膜种植3种种植方式对番茄生长指标、产量及土表电导率的影响。筛选出盐城滨海滩涂盐碱地作物种植的最宜模式,以期为盐城大棚盐碱土种植提供技术参考。结果表明:种植方式对番茄的生长指标和产量影响显著,限根器种植整体优于垄作种植,垄作覆膜种植优于垄作无膜种植。较种植前土壤表层电导率限根器种植增幅2.0%,垄作覆膜种植增幅5.2%,垄作无膜种植增幅22.0%。综上所述,对于轻度盐碱化的大棚,采用滴灌的灌溉方式,垄作覆膜种植能够取得较高的产量,对于盐碱化比较严重的大棚,采用客土限根器种植能够实现综合效益最佳。

Through the experiments under drip irrigation conditions in greenhouses,the effects on tomato growth index,yield and soil surface conductivity were studied through three planting modes:root limiter planting,ridge planting without film planting,and ridge planting with plastic film mulching.To filter out the most suitable model for planting crops in saline-alkali soil on the beach in Yancheng,hoping to provide a technical reference for the planting of saline-alkali soil in a greenhouse in Yancheng.The results showed that the planting method had a significant impact on the growth index and yield of tomato.The root limiter planting was overall better than the ridge planting,and the ridge planting with film mulching was better than the ridge planting without film.Compared with the soil surface conductivity before planting,the root limiter planting increased by 2.0%,the ridge planting with film mulching increased by 5.2%,and the ridge planting without film planting increased by 22.0%.To sum up,for greenhouses with mild salinization,the irrigation method of drip irrigation and ridge planting with film mulching can achieve higher yields.For greenhouses with severe salinization,the use of off-soil root limiter planting can achieve the best comprehensive benefits.